基于DEA-Malmquist模型的中国生态效率研究

Ecological Efficiency in China Based on DEA-Malmquist Model

党的十八大以来,生态环境保护成为了中国重要的发展目标,生态文明建设更是成为国家重要战略,而生态环境的评价体系是评价生态文明建设的重要方式。基于2010—2019年31个省份(未包括港澳台地区)的面板数据,构建生态效率评价体系,运用DEA-Malmquist模型对全国31个省份的生态环境进行整体评估,进一步评价各地区的生态环境。结果表明:青海、甘肃、宁夏等经济基础较差省份的生态效率较高,辽宁、北京、河北等经济发展较好的工业城市的生态效率较差;2010—2019年,全国生态效率趋于平稳,甚至有下滑趋势。基于此,根据不同省份的生态效率发展水平提出了针对性的政策建议。

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,ecological environment protection has become an important development goal of China,the construction of ecological civilization has become an important national strategy,and the evaluation system of ecological environment is an important way to evaluate the construction of ecological civilization.Based on 31 provincial panel data(excluding Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan regions)from 2010 to 2019,an ecological efficiency evaluation system was built,the ecological environment of 31 provincial-level administrative units was evaluated through the DEA-Malmquist model,and the ecological environment of all provincial-level administrative units were further evaluated.The results showed that:the provincial-level administrative units with poor economic foundation have high ecological efficiency,such as Qinghai,Gansu and Ningxia,while industrial cities with good economic development have poor ecological efficiency,such as Liaoning,Beijing and Hebei;from 2010 to 2019,China's ecological efficiency has leveled off,even with a slight downward trend.Based on this,according to the ecological efficiency development level of different provincial-level administrative units,targeted policy suggestions were put forward.