基于数值模拟方法的中心起爆战斗部破片动态飞散特性研究

Research on Dynamic Scattering Characteristics of in Center Initiation Warhead Fragments Based on Numerical Simulation

针对中心点起爆方式战斗部破片毁伤区域的预测问题,以破片动力学基本方程为基础,同时考虑破片速度沿战斗部轴向变化以及破片飞散方向等影响因素,采用数值模拟方法对战斗部破片在不同时刻、不同工况破片速度与破片空间分布的动态飞散特性开展研究。研究表明:破片动态飞散场呈现对称于弹体纵轴的空心锥结构;随着飞散时间的增加,破片径向速度逐渐减小,飞散半径逐渐增大,破片场形状则由弧形向U形转变;并且对于质量8 g的立方体破片,当破片飞散46.5 ms后,对轻型装甲目标仍具有毁伤能力;破片初始飞散速度相同,增大破片质量可以提高破片场的飞散范围,增强破片存速能力。该研究成果可为目标高效毁伤以及引战一体化设计提供依据。

Aiming at the prediction of the fragment damage area of warhead in a central point initiation mode,based on the basic equation of fragment dynamics,and taking into account the influence factors such as the change of fragment velocities along the warhead axis and the scattering direction of fragments,this paper used numerical simulation methods to study the fragment velocities and the spatial dynamic scattering characteristics of warhead fragments at different times and under different working conditions.Results showed that the fragment dynamic scattering field presented a hollow cone structure symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the projectile.With the increase of the scattering time,the fragment radial velocity gradually decreased,the scattering radius gradually increased,and the shape of the fragment field changed from arc to U-shape.Besides,for the cube fragment with a mass of 8 g,when the fragment was scattered for 46.5 ms,it still had the ability to destroy the light armor targets.In addition,increasing the fragment mass could improve the scattering range of the fragment field and enhance the fragment velocity storage capacity.The researches in this paper could provide a reference for the efficient destruction of combat targets and the integrated design of fuzes and warheads.