数字资本特性与行为规律研究

Research on Characteristics and Behavioral Laws of Digital Capital

在由数字技术构筑的数字化现实世界中,数据成为人与人之间关系的中介,从而形成数字资本新样态。数字资本被赋予数字技术特征,具有数据商品+网络正外部性、数字劳动+规模报酬递增、数字平台+平台双边效应的特性。在资本逻辑下,数字资本行为规律是:通过数字“圈地”以进行数字资本原始积累、数字剥削以占有剩余价值、数字积累以获取垄断利润。数字资本具有两面性:一方面提高了生产社会化程度,另一方面加大了两极分化程度。因此,需通过完善算法治理、设置“红绿灯”和完善监管体系三个层次构建立体的数字;资本立体治理体系,防止数字资本野蛮生长,更好地发挥其积极作用。

In the digital world constructed by digital technology,data becomes the intermediary of interpersonal relationships,thus forming a new form of digital capital.Digital capital is endowed with the characteristics of digital technology,with the characteristics of data commodity+network positive externality,digital labor+increasing return to scale,digital platform+bilateral effect of digital platform.Under the logic of capital,the behavior law of digital capital is:through digital"enclosure"to conduct the original accumulation of digital capital,digital exploitation to occupy the surplus value,and digital accumulation to obtain monopoly profits.Digital capital has two sides,on the one hand,it improves the degree of production socialization,and on the other hand,it increases the degree of polarization.Therefore,it is necessary to build a three-dimensional govermance system by improving algorithm governance,seting"traffic lights"and improving the regulatory system,so as to prevent the wild growth of digital capital and to better play its positive role.