家庭教养方式与幼儿心理健康的关系研究

Study on the Association between Parenting Style and Preschool Children’s Mental Health

采用儿童长处与困难问卷(Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire)、教养方式与维度问卷(Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire)及自编幼儿及家庭调查问卷,调查陕西省幼儿心理健康水平及其家庭教养方式的现状,继而探究家庭教养方式与幼儿心理健康状况之间的关联性,为预防和减少幼儿心理问题的发生,促进早期家庭养育指导提供实证依据。结果表明:家庭教养方式是幼儿心理健康水平的重要预测因素,专制型、放任型教养方式与幼儿心理风险增加相关,权威型教养方式与幼儿心理风险降低相关。建议:重视西部地区幼儿的心理健康发展,善用权威教养弱化专制教养,同时加强对家长教养方式的早期指导与干预。

In this paper,we used Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire,Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire and selfadministered questionnaires for children and families to understand the mental health status of preschool children and their parenting style in Shaanxi Province,and then to investigate the association between parenting style and preschool children’s mental health problems,to provide an empirical basis for preventing and reducing the occurrence of preschooler’s psychological problems and promoting early family parenting guidance and intervention.The results showed that parenting style was a significant predictor of the occurrence of mental health problems in preschool children,and authoritarian and permissive parenting styles were associated with an increased risk of mental health problems in children,while authoritative parenting style was associated with a decreased risk of mental health problems.It is recommended that we should pay attention to the mental health development of preschool children,make good use of authoritative parenting to weaken authoritarian parenting,and strengthen early guidance and intervention for parents’parenting style.