评岩崎宗治的日文译本《莎士比亚十四行诗集和爱人的怨诉》

On Soji Iwasaki's Japanese Translation of Shakespeare,Tbe Sonnets and A Lover's Complaint

在日本现已出版的10种《莎士比亚十四行诗集》日文译本中,岩崎宗治译本的独特之处首先在于,他完整地翻译了《莎士比亚十四行诗集和爱人的怨诉》,该书的最初版本是1609年四开本。岩崎和约翰·克里根都认为,塞缪尔·丹尼尔的《迪莉娅及罗莎蒙德的哀怨》(1592)为他的同时代诗人在出版十四行组诗方面提供了一种三重奏模式(十四行组诗后接一首抒情插曲和一首长诗)。岩崎使日本读者第一次完整地阅读了《莎士比亚十四行诗集和爱人的怨诉》合集。岩崎一直从事的莎士比亚研究具有明晰的方法论意识,他特别注重英国伊丽莎白时代的寓意画和图像研究,他的翻译基于他宽广的文化史视野下关于伊丽莎白时代诗歌和图像学的知识积淀。他为每首十四行诗都提供了脚注,此外还提供了杰弗里·惠特尼《寓意画精选》(1586)和其他来源的27幅相关插图,这是岩崎译本的第二个独特之处。岩崎宗治翻译了威廉·燕卜荪的《歧义的七种类型》,因而在日本读者中广为人知。岩崎译本的第三个独特之处是,他引导我们对燕卜苏式的歧义或十四行诗中的词和短语所暗示的多重含义始终保持敏感。

Among the ten Japanese translations of Shakespeare's Sonnets,now available in Japan,Iwasaki's is unique first in that he translated Shakespeare's Sonnets and A Lover's Complaint as a volume as they were originally published in quarto in 1609.He considers,with John Kerrigan,that Samuel Daniel's Delia and the Complaint of Rosamond(1592)gave a model(a tripartite structure:a sonnet sequence is followed by a lyric interlude and a long poem)of publishing a sonnet sequence to his contemporary poets.Iwasaki enabled the Japanese readers for the first time to read The Sonnets and A Lovers Complaint as a continuous whole.Iwasaki has been engaged in Shakespeare studies with a clear awareness of method,in which he pays special attention to Elizabethan emblems and icons.His translation is based upon his accumulated knowledge of Elizabethan poetry and iconology in the wide perspective of cultural history.He provided footnotes to every sonnet and,in addition,27 relevant illustrations from Geoffrey Whitney,A Choice of Emblems(1586)and other sources.This is a second unique feature of his translation.Iwasaki is well known to the reading public in Japan as the translator of William Empson's Seven Types of Ambiguity.Another feature of Iwasaki's translation is that he invites us to be sensitive to Empsonian ambiguities,or multiple meanings the words and phrases of the sonnets imply.