湿地公园建设对湿地生态系统韧性的影响——以南京长江新济洲国家湿地公园为例

Effects of wetland park construction on ecosystem resilience:Nanjing Yangtze River Xinjizhou National Wetland Park as an example

湿地公园能对湿地资源进行有效保护,是目前湿地保护管理的主要形式之一。该研究利用2020-2021年高频水质自动监测数据,分析不同时期湿地公园的水质状况,并基于生态系统稳态转换理论,计算时间序列的方差、自相关系数、回复率、变异系数等韧性指标,以探究国家湿地公园建设对南京长江新济洲湿地韧性的影响,为湿地公园的管理建设提供理论指导。结果表明:(1)2021年水体浊度和氧化还原电位显著高于2020年,2020年和2021年水体叶绿素a含量并没有显著差异。(2)从韧性指标来看,2021年水体浊度和氧化还原电位的方差、变异系数和时间自相关系数均小于2020年,同时回复率大于2020年;2021年水体叶绿素a的自相关系数显著小于2020年,回复率大于2020年。这些指标均表明新济洲湿地公园2021年系统韧性高于2020年。(3)从水体浊度的角度来看,新济洲湿地管理维护频率下降导致水体浊度增加,水质相对变差,但其韧性却在提高,表明相对较低的管理维护频率有助于提升系统韧性。该研究基于稳态转换理论分析了新济洲湿地公园的韧性,为湿地公园的建设提供了理论指导基础。

“Wetland park”is one of the main forms of wetland conservation and management at present.Based on the high-frequency automatic water quality data from 2020 to 2021,this study analyzed the water quality of wetland parks in different periods,and calculated the variance,autocorrelation coefficient,return rate,coefficient of variation based on the regime shift theory of ecosystem,so as to explore the influence of the construction of national wetland park on the resilience of Nanjing Yangtze River Xinjizhou Wetland to provide theoretical guidance for the management and construction of the Wetland Park.The results showed that:(1)Turbidity and ORP in 2021 were significantly higher than those in 2020,and chlorophyll a in 2020 and 2021 had no significant difference.(2)In terms of resilience indicators,the variance,coefficient of variation and autocorrelation coefficients of turbidity and ORP in 2021 were all smaller than those in 2020,and the return rate was higher than that in 2020.The autocorrelation coefficient of chlorophyll a in 2021 was significantly lower than that in 2020,and the return rate was higher than that in 2020.All these indicators indicated that the system resilience of Xinjizhou Wetland Park in 2021 was higher than that in 2020.(3)From the perspective of turbidity,the decrease of management and maintenance frequency of Xinjizhou Wetland led to the increase of water turbidity and the relative deterioration of water quality,but its resilience was improved,indicating that relatively low management and maintenance frequency was conducive to improving the resilience of the system.The resilience of Xinjizhou Wetland Park based on the regime shift theory was analyzed,which provides theoretical guidance for the construction of wetland park.