不同植被类型土壤养分及生态化学计量特征研究

Soil nutrient and ecological stoichiometric characteristics of three different vegetation types

以望谟北盘江国家湿地公园3种不同植被类型土壤为研究对象,分析不同植被土壤养分及生态化学计量特征,为脆弱生态区域植被恢复提供技术支撑。选取乔木林、经济果树林、草地3个不同植被类型测定0-20 cm土层养分状况。结果表明:(1)在3种植被类型中,土壤C,N,P,K,AN,AP存在显著性差异;(2)土壤的C/N,C/P水平上,乔木林(18.58,84.20)、经济果树林(22.00,268.75)、草地(18.35,90.85)均高于我国陆地平均值;(3)土壤的N/P水平上,乔木林(4.51)、草地(5.13)<10,经济果树林(11.91)在10-20之间。3种植被类型中,土壤养分含量表现为乔木林>经济果树林>草地,且除AK外,其余土壤养分皆存在显著性差异。乔木林和草地土壤限制因素是N,而经济果树林是N和P。该区域在进行植被恢复管理时,可适当施加氮、磷肥,以提高土壤肥力,为植被恢复提供更多土壤养分。

Taking three different vegetation types of soil in Wangmo Beipanjiang National Wetland Park as the research object,the soil nutrient and ecological stoichiometric characteristics of different vegetation types were analyzed to provide technical support for vegetation restoration in fragile ecological areas.Soils of three different vegetation types(arbor forest,economic fruit forest and grassland),were selected for the study,and the nutrient status of the 0-20 cm soil layer was measured.The results showed that(1)There were significant differences in soil C,N,P,K,AN and AP among the three vegetation types.(2)The C/N and C/P of arbor forest(18.58,84.20),economic fruit forest(22.00,268.75)and grassland(18.35,90.85)were higher than the average value of land in China.(3)The N/P of arbor forest(4.51)and grassland(5.13)was less than 10,and the N/P of economic fruit forest(11.91)was between 10 and 20.The soil nutrient content in the three vegetation types was arbor forest>economic fruit forest>grassland,and there were significant differences in soil nutrients except AK.The limiting factors of arbor forest and grassland soil were N,and that of economic forest was N and P.In this study area,nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers could be appropriately applied to improve soil fertility and provide more soil nutrients for vegetation restoration.