侵犯已公开的个人信息行为的刑法认定

Criminal Law Determination of Violations of Public Personal Information

处理获取的他人已公开的个人信息行为的刑法认定问题仍存在理论争议。有罪论着重保护信息主体的私域自主权益,认为个人信息的公开并不影响其受刑法保护地位;无罪论主张已公开的个人信息被排除在刑法保护范围之外,因此侵犯已公开的个人信息的处理行为不构成犯罪。本文以信息主体公开个人信息的情景脉络完整性为依据,主张要求处理行为在信息主体预设同意的范围内,否则可能构成侵犯公民个人信息罪。擅自处理已公开的个人信息的行为具有刑事违法性与实质法益侵害性。

There is still theoretical controversy regarding the criminal law determination of the act of obtaining publicly available personal information from others.Guilty theory emphasizes the protection of the private domain autonomy rights of information subjects,believing that the disclosure of personal information does not affect their status under criminal law protection;The doctrine of innocence advocates that publicly available personal information is excluded from the scope of criminal law protection,so the act of infringing on publicly available personal information does not constitute a crime.This article is based on the completeness of the context of the disclosure of personal information by the information subject,and advocates that the processing behavior should be within the scope of the information subject's preset consent,otherwise it may constitute the crime of infringing on citizens'personal information.The act of unauthorized processing of publicly available personal information has criminal illegality and substantive infringement of legal interests.