厦门海沧566例下呼吸道感染患儿痰培养阳性标本病原菌构成及耐药分析

Pathogenic Bacteria Composition and Drug Resistance of Positive Sputum Culture Samples in 566 Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Haicang District of Xiamen

目的了解厦门海沧患儿下呼吸道感染的病原菌构成及其耐药情况。方法回顾性分析我院儿科566例下呼吸道感染患儿痰培养阳性标本的细菌培养结果,统计病原菌株的主要构成及其耐药情况。结果共分离病原菌602株,其中革兰阳性菌304株,革兰阴性菌292株,真菌6株,分离数量前5的病原菌为肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、卡他莫拉菌和大肠埃希菌。病原菌对常用抗菌药均表现出一定程度的耐药,其中肺炎链球菌对红霉素和四环素耐药率高达90%以上;金黄色葡萄球菌主要对青霉素、红霉素、克林霉素耐药;流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌对氨苄西林、头孢克洛、头孢呋辛耐药率较高。结论厦门海沧患儿下呼吸道感染的病原菌以肺炎链球菌和流感嗜血杆菌为主,各主要病原菌对常用抗菌药物均有不同程度的耐药。

OBJECTIVE To understand the pathogen composition and drug resistance of children with lower respiratory tract infection in Haicang,Xiamen.METHODS The bacterial culture results of positive sputum culture samples from 566 children with lower respiratory tract infection in pediatrics of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed,and the main composition and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria were counted.RESULTS A total of 602 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,including 304 strains of Gram-positive bacteria,292 strains of Gram-negative bacteria and 6 strains of fungi.The top 5 pathogenic bacteria were Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae,Staphylococcus aureus,Moraxella catarrhalis and Escherichia coli.Most of the pathogenic bacteria showed a certain degree of resistance to commonly used antibiotics.The drug resistance rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae to erythromycin and tetracycline was more than 90%;Staphylococcus aureus was mainly resistant to penicillin,erythromycin and clindamycin;Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis showed high resistance to ampicillin,cefaclor and cefuroxime.CONCLUSION Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were the main pathogens of lower respiratory tract infection in children in Haicang area,Xiamen.The main pathogens were resistant to commonly used antibiotics to varying degrees.