重庆市三级综合性医院运动康复技术应用现状与对策研究

Current status and countermeasures of exercise rehabilitation technology in tertiary general hospitals in Chongqing

目的探讨重庆市三级综合性医院运动康复发展现状与存在的问题,分析查找制约重庆市运动康复发展的因素,为重庆市运动康复的发展提供参考。方法本研究选取渝中区、沙坪坝区、北碚区、南川区、黔江区作为调查区域。从区(县)域经济发展水平来看,渝中区、沙坪坝区属于经济发达地区,北碚区、南川区属于经济中等水平地区,黔江区属于经济发展落后地区。从各区内选取1家三级公立综合性医院作为样本医院(共5家),于2021年1月1日—9月30日进行调查,了解重庆市三级综合性医院运动康复技术应用现状。本研究问卷为自行设计的调查问卷,问卷分为康复科管理人员问卷和康复科医务人员问卷。结果5家三级综合性医院康复科床位与总床位数的占比最高为4.67%,最低为2.69%。年均运动康复人次数占年均康复人次数百分比最高为76.7%,最低为44.4%。专业运动康复治疗师占比最高13.89%,最低0;康复治疗师床位比最高40.91%,最低17.14%。A医院运动康复设备最多,E医院运动康复设备最少。5家医院的脊柱退行性变及脊柱侧弯类疾病的构成比均最高,其中C医院最高为46%,B医院最低也有26%;其次为运动损伤类疾病,其中E医院最高为38%,A医院最低为24%。D、E医院均没有开展微创及再生修复技术。影响5家医院运动康复技术开展的首要原因为专业知识的缺乏,其次为治疗费用偏贵。结论重庆市三级综合性医院运动康复的发展存在区域发展不平衡、宣传不到位、病源不足、人员配备不完善等问题。因此,重庆市三级综合性医院应该发挥机构优势,相互促进与学习,形成区域竞争,不断推进运动康复技术体系建设与发展,走出一条适合三级综合性医院运动康复发展的特色道路。

Objective This paper aims to investigate the current status and existing problems of exercise rehabilitation in tertiary general hospitals in Chongqing and find out the factors restricting the development of exercise rehabilitation in Chongqing to provide evidence for the development of exercise rehabilitation.Methods The Yuzhong,Shapingba,Beibei,Nanchuan,and Qianjiang Districts in Chongqing municipality were selected as research areas.Based upon the economic development level of districts(counties),Yuzhong and Shapingba Districts belong to economically developed areas;Beibei and Nanchuan Districts,economically moderately developed areas;and Qianjiang District belongs to economically less developed areas.A tertiary public general hospital was selected from each district as a sample hospital(5 in total).The research was carried out from January 1 to September 30,2021 to understand the current status of exercise rehabilitation technology application in tertiary general hospitals in Chongqing.The questionnaire is a self-designed questionnaire,which is divided into a questionnaire for the rehabilitation department administrative staff and a questionnaire for the rehabilitation department medical staff.Results The highest proportion of beds and the total number of beds in the rehabilitation department of 5 tertiary general hospitals was 4.67%,and the lowest was 2.69%.The highest average annual percentage of exercise rehabilitation patients to the average annual rehabilitation patients was 76.7%and the lowest was 44.4%.The professional exercise rehabilitation therapists accounted for 13.89%at the highest,0 at the lowest;rehabilitation therapists bed ratio was 40.91%at the highest,and 17.14%at the lowest.Hospital A had the most exercise rehabilitation equipment and hospital E the least exercise rehabilitation equipment.The proportion of spinal degeneration and scoliosis was the highest in all five hospitals,with the highest in hospital C(46%)and the lowest in hospital B(26%);followed by sports injury,with the highest in hospital E(38%)and the lowest in hospital A(24%).Minimally invasive and regenerative repair techniques were not conducted in hospitals D and E.The primary reason affecting the development of exercise rehabilitation techniques in five hospitals was the lack of professional knowledge,followed by the high cost of treatment.Conclusions The development of exercise rehabilitation in tertiary general hospitals in Chongqing has some problems,such as unbalanced regional development,inadequate publicity,insufficient source of disease,and imperfect staffing.Therefore,tertiary general hospitals in Chongqing should give full play to institutional advantages,promote and learn mutually,form regional competition,continuously promote the construction and development of exercise rehabilitation technology systems,and explore a characteristic road suitable for the development of exercise rehabilitation in tertiary general hospitals.