应用不同免疫检验方法检测乙型肝炎病毒感染的血清标志物

Different immunoassays were used to detect serum markers of hepatitis B virus infection

目的探讨应用不同免疫检验方法检测乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的血清标志物。方法选取2019年6月至2021年4月本院收治的104例疑似HBV感染患者作为研究对象,所有患者均接受酶联免疫吸附试验法与化学发光免疫分析法检测。比较两种检验方法血清标志物阳性检出情况、诊断效能(准确率、误诊率、漏诊率、灵敏度、特异度)。结果两中检验方法的乙型肝炎核心抗体(HBcAb)、乙型肝炎表面抗体(HBsAb)阳性检出率比较差异无统计学意义;化学发光免疫分析法乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙型肝炎e抗体(HBeAb)、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)阳性检出率均高于酶联免疫吸附试验法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。化学发光免疫分析法准确率、灵敏度、特异度均高于酶联免疫吸附试验法,误诊率、漏诊率均低于酶联免疫吸附试验法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论化学发光免疫分析法血清标志物检测效果优于酶联免疫吸附试验法,能有效提高诊断HBV准确率,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the different immunoassays were used to detect serum markers of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.Methods 104 patients suspected of HBV infection admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to April 2021 were selected as the research subjects,all patients were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence immunoassay.The positive detection of serum markers and diagnostic efficacy(diagnostic accuracy,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,sensitivity and specificity)of the two test methods were compared.Results There was no significant difference in the positive detection rates of hepatitis B core antibody(HBcAb)and hepatitis B surface antibody(HBsAb)between the two test methods;the positive detection rates of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis Be antibody(HBeAb)and hepatitis Be antigen(HBeAg)by chemiluminescence immunoassay were higher than those by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of chemiluminescence immunoassay were higher than those of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay,and the misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate were lower than those of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Chemiluminescence immunoassay is superior to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the detection of serum markers,which can effectively improve the accuracy of diagnosis of HBV,and is worthy of clinical application.