基于象思维探讨藤类药物在儿童过敏性紫癜中的应用

Application of Vine Herbs in Children Allergic Purpura Based on Xiang Thinking

儿童过敏性紫癜的发病及临床表现与络病关系密切,“络脉不通”贯穿始末,“通络”为其治疗关键。藤类药物外形似络脉,功效以通络见长,以藤通络在临床应用广泛。中药具“寒、热、温、凉”四性,藤类药物根据四性之不同分别具有祛风清热、凉血止血、活血化瘀、利湿解毒等功效。从象思维角度看,藤药植物中叶面及藤茎部具绒毛者多可感受风邪而散络中之风;饮片切面具孔者多可给邪以通路,透络中之邪以外达;藤药多归属肝经,儿童过敏性紫癜主要病机为气机受阻损伤络脉,肝为风木之脏,肝气冲和条达不遏郁,则血脉得畅,肝藏血,主疏泄及调畅全身气机,故多选用归肝经药物疏通络脉,调畅气机;心主血脉,主行血,其色为赤,故红色药物多可入血分治疗血液疾病。综上,从象思维角度认识藤药,能更为客观、全面反映藤药的特性及功效,有利于全面发挥藤药治疗疾病的作用。

The incidence and clinical manifestations of allergic purpura in children are closely related to collateral disease.Specifically,"obstruction of the collateral"runs through the whole process of the disease.Therefore,"dredging collaterals"is the key to its treatment.Vine herbs look like choroid veins,and their efficacy is best known for dredging collaterals,so they are widely used in clinical practice.Chinese medicine has the four characteristics of"being cold,heat,warm or cool",and the vine herbs have the effects of dispelling Wind and clearing Heat,cooling blood and stopping bleeding,promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,relieving Dampness and detoxification in respects of the four characteristics.From perspective of TCM Xiang thinking,those with fluff on the middle surface and stems of rattan medicine plants could feel the Wind evil factor and diffuse the Wind in the collaterals.The holes in the prepared herbal medicine can help the Wind evil factor to go outside.The vine herbs usually function along the Liver meridian,and the main pathogenesis of allergic purpura in children is the obstruction of Qi and the damage of the collaterals.The liver is the viscera of the Wind Wood,and the harmonious Liver Qi can relieve Qi depression and bring about smooth blood circulation.Liver stores blood,and functions in drainage and regulation of the Qi of the whole body,so drugs function along the Liver meridian can dredge the collaterals and regulate the Qi activity.The Heart manages blood,which is red,and meridians as well as the blood circulation,so red drugs can enter the blood to treat blood diseases.To sum up,understanding vine herbs from perspective of TCM Xiang thinking can reflect the characteristics and efficacy of the drugs more objectively and comprehensively,which is conducive to giving full play to the role of vine herbs in treatment of diseases.