多孔炭材料在卷烟领域的研究现状与展望

Research status and prospects of porous carbon materials in the field of cigarettes

从多孔炭材料在卷烟中的添加方式、对卷烟的减害作用以及炭材料的改性和新型炭材料开发等方面进行了综述,并对国内烟草行业在该领域未来的研究方向进行了展望,主要内容包括:(1)活性炭在卷烟中的应用集中在滤嘴和炭纸(如含炭成型纸)中,以前者研究最多;(2)常规活性炭在卷烟滤嘴中的应用主要是用于减少主流烟气气相中有害成分的释放量,主要是羰基化合物和自由基等,改性后,减害范围可扩展至氮氧化物、CO等;(3)相比活性炭及其衍生物,碳纳米管等新型炭材料对烟碱和焦油等具有更强的吸附作用;(4)活性炭添加到卷烟滤嘴后能否在真实抽吸条件下降低对消费者的风险水平仍存在争议;(5)基于减害技术的超低危害卷烟开发仍将是烟草行业未来重要的发展方向。

This paper reviews the ways of adding porous carbon materials to cigarettes,investigates their harm reduction effects on cigarettes,the modification of carbon materials,the development of new carbon materials and their prospects in the domestic tobacco industry.The results showed that:1)For the applications of activated carbon in cigarettes,the addition to the body of the filter and the preparation of carbon paper(such as carbon-containing shaped paper)are the major contents,especially the former;2)The use of conventional activated carbon in cigarette filters is mainly to reduce the release amount of harmful components(mainly carbonyl compounds and free radicals,)in the gas phase of mainstream flue gas.After modification,harmful components such as nitrogen oxide,CO,can be eliminated as well;3)Compared with conventional activated carbon and its derivatives,novel carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes has a stronger adsorption effect on nicotine and tar;4)Whether charcoal filter cigarettes can reduce the risk level of consumers under real smoking conditions is still controversial.The development of conventional cigarettes with ultra-low harmful compound deliveries based on harm-reduction technologies will be an important direction for the future development of the tobacco industry.