发展性阅读障碍儿童心理旋转特点及干预效果

Characteristics of mental rotation and intervention effect in children with developmental dyslexia

目的:探究发展性阅读障碍儿童心理旋转特点及动作视频游戏的干预效果。为发展性阅读障碍儿童的干预提供科学依据。方法:于2020年7-11月从新疆某地区7所小学3~5年级学生中筛选出阅读障碍组(DD)、生理年龄匹配组(CA)及阅读水平匹配组(RL)各120名,比较其三维心理旋转能力差异,并采用动作视频游戏对DD组儿童进行干预训练,分析干预效果。结果:(1)三、四、五年级的DD组、CA组、RL组的三维心理旋转得分比较有显著差异(F=4.27,5.36,10.81;P<0.05),且3组心理旋转能力均表现出性别差异(t=6.04,2.61,3.01;P<0.05),进行两两比较发现DD组、RL组低于CA组,差异具有统计学意义;(2)经过12小时的AVG干预,DD干预组的得分(15.83±4.53)高于DD控制组(11.97±3.55)和RL组(12.63±4.28),差异存在统计学意义(P<0.01),但小于CA组(18.67±3.16),差异具有统计学意义(F=18.56;P<0.01)。结论:发展性阅读障碍儿童的心理旋转能力存在发育迟滞现象,且男孩的心理旋转能力强于女孩。通过动作视频游戏进行干预可有效提高DD儿童的心理旋转能力。

Objective:To explore the characteristics of mental rotation in children with developmental dyslexia and the intervention effect of action video games.To provide scientific basis for the intervention of children with developmental dyslexia.Methods:From July to November 2020,120 students in the reading disability group(DD),physiological age matched group(CA),and reading level matched group(RL)were selected from 7 primary school students in a certain region of Xinjiang.The differences in their three-dimensional psychological rotation ability were compared,and action video games were used to intervene and trained the DD group children,and the intervention effect was analyzed.Results:①There were significant differences in the scores of 3D mental rotation among DD group,CA group and RL group in the third,fourth and fifth grades(F=4.27,5.36,10.81;P<0.05),and the three groups showed gender differences in mental rotation ability(t=6.04,2.61,3.01;P<0.05).Pairwise comparison showed that DD group and RL group were lower than CA group,and the differences were statistically significant.②After 12 hours of AVG intervention,the score of DD intervention group(15.83±4.53)was significantly higher than that of DD control group(11.97±3.55)and RL group(12.63±4.28)(P<0.01),but was lower than that of CA group(18.67±3.16).The difference was statistically significant(F=18.56;P<0.01).Conclusion:The mental rotation ability of children with developmental dyslexia is retarded,and the mental rotation ability of boys is stronger than that of girls.Action video game intervention can effectively improve the mental rotation ability of DD children.