余暇体育锻炼氛围降低高中生学业压力的作用机制:成长型思维和自我控制的内在机理

Mechanism of reducing the academic pressure of senior high school students in leisure physicalexercise atmosphere:The inner mechanism of growth mindset and self-control

目的:基于自我决定理论和认知交互理论,研究余暇体育锻炼氛围和高中生学业压力的关系,并探究成长型思维和自我控制的链式中介作用。方法:采用余暇体育锻炼氛围量表、学业压力量表、自我控制量表和成长型思维问卷对山东地区5所高中的854名高中生进行问卷调查。结果:(1)余暇体育锻炼氛围与自我控制(r=0.33,P<0.001)、成长型思维(r=0.50,P<0.01)显著正相关,与学业压力(r=-0.22,P<0.01)显著负相关;成长型思维与自我控制(r=0.58,P<0.001)显著正相关,与学业压力(r=-0.29,P<0.01)显著负相关;自我控制与学业压力(r=-0.23,P<0.01)显著负相关。(2)成长型思维、自我控制在余暇体育锻炼氛围和高中生的学业压力之间起到中介作用,其效应值分别为0.154和0.171。(3)成长型思维→自我控制在余暇体育锻炼氛围和学业压力之间起链式中介作用,其链式中介的效应值为0.075。结论:余暇体育锻炼氛围既可以通过成长型思维和自我控制的中介作用预测高中生的学业压力,还能通过两者的链式中介作用间接预测高中生的学业压力。

Objective:Based on the theory of self-determination and cognitive interaction,this paper studies the relationship between leisure physical exercise atmosphere and academic pressure of senior high school students,and explores the chain mediation of growth mindset and self-control.Methods:A total of 854 senior high school students from 5 senior high schools in Shandong were investigated with leisure physical exercise atmosphere scale,academic pressure scale,self-control scale and growth mindsetquestionnaire.Results:The leisure physical exercise atmosphere was positively correlated with self-control(r=0.33,P<0.001),growth mindset(r=0.50,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with academic pressure(r=-0.22,P<0.01);Growth mindset was positively correlated with self-control(r=0.58,P<0.001)and negatively correlated with academic pressure(r=-0.29,P<0.01);Self-control was negatively correlated with academic pressure(r=-0.23,P<0.01);Growth mindset and self-control played a mediating role between the leisure physical exercise atmosphere and high school students'academic pressure,and their effect values were 0.154 and 0.171 respectively;Growth mindset→self-control played a chain intermediary role between leisure physical exercise atmosphere and academic pressure,and its chain intermediary effect value was 0.075.Conclusion:The leisure physical exercise atmosphere can not only predict the academic pressure of high school students through the intermediary role of growth mindset and self-control,but also indirectly predict the academic pressure of high school students through the chain intermediary role of the two.