沙粒病毒的研究进展

Research progress and prospects of arenavirus

沙粒病毒属于小RNA病毒科,可以通过多种方式感染人类并导致不同程度的疾病病死率。沙粒病毒主要以啮齿类动物为宿主,人类致病性沙粒病毒包括引起人类淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎的淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒和导致人类出血性疾病的拉沙热病毒和塔卡里伯病毒群。啮齿动物约占哺乳动物种类的43%,目前在啮齿目动物体内发现30余种高致病性的病毒,其中就包括沙粒病毒。啮齿类动物主要受到沙粒病毒科的哺乳动物沙粒病毒属的感染。本文对沙粒病毒的基因蛋白结构、临床特点、流行病学情况和预防控制等做一综述,为沙粒病毒的研究和预防机制建立提供参考。

Arenaviruses belong to the family of RNA viruses that can infect humans in various ways and cause different degrees of mortality.Rodents is the mainly hosts.Human pathogenic arenaviruses include lymphocytic choroid meningitis,Lassa virus group and Takarib virus group,which cause human lymphocytic choriomeningitis and human hemorrhagic diseases.Rodents account for about 43%of mammalian species.At present,more than 30 highly pathogenic viruses have been found in rodents,including arenaviruses.The arenaviridae that infects rodents are mainly mammalian arenaviruses.This article reviews the etiology,clinicopathology,epidemiology,prevention and control of arenavirus,and provides references for the research and prevention of arenavirus.