文树德中医隐喻式术语翻译思想探微

An Exploration of Paul Unschuld's Ideas on Translating Metaphoric Terms in TCM

阐述文树德以文字训诂为手段,对中医术语“脏”“腑”二词、“营”“卫”二气和“任”“督”二脉进行文化考古。分析文树德文化考古的意义:一方面,他在建筑、军事和官职三个领域发掘上述三组概念的隐喻源起,旨在体现中医“取象比类”的根本思维方式;另一方面,他通过对喻体动静特征的分析印证上述三组概念所涉对象各自的阴阳属性,试图弥合单纯音译或浅层意译造成的术语指称对象与内置属性之间的割裂与离散,实现了对术语的本体阐释。

By means of etymological exploration,Paul U.Unschuld launched a cultural excavation on three important pairs of terms in TCM,namely,"Zang and Fu""Yingqi and Weiqi"and"Renmai and Dumai".By tracing the metaphoric origin of these terms in the fields of architecture,military forces and official positions,he not only attempts to manifest analogy as the basic mode of thinking in TCM,but also verifies the Yin/Yang property of the referent of each term according to the feature of each metaphoric vehicle as either"dormant"or"dynamic".It is an effort to bridge the dissociation of the innate property from the referent of a term caused by transliteration or specious semantic translation,and achieves an ontological interpretation of these terms.