行为转变理论指导下的综合护理在急性肾衰竭血液透析患者中的应用效果

Application effects of behavioral change theory-guided comprehensive nursing in hemodialysis patients with acute renal failure

目的:观察行为转变理论指导下的综合护理在急性肾衰竭血液透析患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2020年10月该院收治的84例行血液透析的急性肾衰竭患者的临床资料,按照护理方式不同将其分为对照组和观察组各42例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予行为转变理论指导下的综合护理,比较两组护理前后疾病管理能力评分、自我护理能力[自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)]评分、生命质量[生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)]评分和并发症发生率。结果:护理后,两组血液透析管理能力、用药管理能力、并发症管理能力、饮食管理能力及运动锻炼管理能力等疾病管理能力评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组自我概念、自护责任感、自我护理技能、健康知识评分及ESCA总分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组躯体健康、心理健康、社会功能、物质生活等各维度GQOLI-74评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为9.52%,低于对照组的26.19%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:行为转变理论指导下的综合护理应用于急性肾衰竭血液透析患者可提高疾病管理能力评分、自我护理能力评分和生命质量评分,以及降低并发症发生率的效果优于常规护理效果。

Objective:To observe application effects of behavioral change theory-guided comprehensive nursing in hemodialysis patients with acute renal failure.Methods:The clinical data of 84 patients with acute renal failure who underwent hemodialysis in the hospital from January 2016 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different nursing methods,they were divided into control group and observation group,42 cases in each.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given the behavioral change theory-guided comprehensive nursing.The disease management ability score,the self-care ability[exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA)]score,the quality of life[general quality of life inventory(GQOLI-74)]score,and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups before and after the nursing.Results:After the nursing,the scores of disease management ability such as hemodialysis management ability,medication management ability,complication management ability,diet management ability and exercise management ability in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing,those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of self-concept,self-care responsibility,self-care skills,health knowledge and ESCA total score in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing,those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The GQOLI-74 scores of physical health,mental health,social function,material life and other dimensions in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing,those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the incidence of complications in the observation group was 9.52%,which was lower than 26.19%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The behavioral change theory-guided comprehensive nursing for the hemodialysis patients with acute renal failure can improve the disease management ability scores,the self-care ability scores and the quality of life scores,and reduce the incidence of complications.Moreover,it is superior to the routine nursing.