不同花色紫茉莉花部综合特征比较

Comparison of Comprehensive Characteristics of Mirabilis jalapa with Different Colors

为揭示不同花色紫茉莉的繁殖策略差异性,以紫红色、黄色、白色紫茉莉为研究对象,观察不同花色紫茉莉的花部基本特征;测定花粉量和花粉胚珠比,估算杂交指数等,分析不同花色紫茉莉的繁育系统类型。结果表明:不同花色紫茉莉的花部基本特征存在一定差异,其中黄色花和白色花的花部特征指标值差异较为明显。3种花色的紫茉莉均以自交为主,伴随异交并存,属于兼性交配系统。黄色紫茉莉的花粉量最少,存在着较为严重的花丝、花药退化现象,且结实率显著低于紫红色和白色紫茉莉。可见,3种花色紫茉莉具有不同的交配系统,显示出多样化的繁殖策略。

To reveal the differences in reproductive strategies of Mirabilis jalapa with different colors,those with purple-red,yellow,and white flowers were used as research objects to observe the floral basic characteristics,the pollen quantity and pollen/ovule ratio were measured,the hybridization index was estimated,and the breeding system types of M.jalapa with different flower colors were analyzed.The results indicated that there were certain differences in the basic floral characteristics of M.jalapa with different flower colors,with significant difference in floral characteristic index values between yellow and white flowers.The three types of M.jalapa flowers were mainly self pollinated,accompanied by outcrossing,and belonged to a facultative mating system.M.jalapa with yellow flower had the least amount of pollen and exhibited severe degradation of filaments and anthers,and its seed setting rate was significantly lower than M.jalapa with purple-red and white flowers.The three flower colors of M.jalapa have different mating systems,demonstrating diverse reproductive strategies.