本体安全视角下的澳大利亚对华政策演变

The Shift of Australia's Policy toward China from the Perspective of Ontological Security

本文从本体安全的视角阐释2016年以来澳大利亚对华政策发生的制衡转向。本体不安全感是澳大利亚对华政策转向的核心动因,情感和习惯则构成其政策转向的驱动机制。国际秩序演变损害了澳大利亚的本体安全,使之产生了焦虑感和羞耻感。在“焦虑回避”和“羞耻回避”的驱动下,在僵化的“基本信任系统”的制约下,澳大利亚通过回归和强化“依附强国”的战略习惯来实现其本体安全。习惯性逻辑强调的结构化身份认同加剧了澳大利亚对美国的战略依附,也助推其对华政策的制衡转向。联美制华战略成为澳大利亚支撑其国家身份和本体安全的一种选择,习惯性逻辑将长期支配其对华战略思维,中澳关系在中低位震荡将成为一种新常态。而澳大利亚也难以实现实质性、可持续的本体安全。

The paper seeks to illustrate the counterbalancing shift of Australia's policy toward China since 2016 from the perspective of ontological security.The paper argues that ontological insecurity is the core motivation of Australia's policy shift,while emotion and habit constitute its driving mechanism.The evolution of the international order undermines Australia's ontological security and creates a sense of anxiety and shame.Driven by"anxiety avoidance"and"shame avoidance"and constrained by a rigid"basic trust system",Australia has sought to achieve its ontological security by reinforcing the strategic habit of the Australia-U.S.alliance.The structural identity enhanced by the logic of habit has exacerbated Australia's strategic dependence on the U.S.and contributed to a counterbalancing shift in its policy toward China.Australia's strategy of allying with the U.S.to contain China is an option that underpins its national identity and ontological security.Its strategic thinking about China will be guided by the logic of habit in the long run,and the oscillation of China-Australia relations between the low and the medium levels will become a new normal.With such a policy shift,Australia cannot achieve de facto ontological security.