中国一线城市高中生出国留学意愿调查研究

The Investigation and Research on the Willingness of High School Students in China’s First-tier Cities to Study Abroad

基于中国一线城市高中生抽样调查,采用多元逻辑斯蒂回归模型,探讨高中层次潜在留学群体的背景特征、动机诉求、具体规划等。结果发现,学生自身的学业禀赋和家庭社会文化背景对其留学意愿有显著推动作用。同等条件下,社会经济地位越高、学业表现越出色的学生,面向国际市场寻求教育资源的意愿越强烈,而且优势阶层家庭和学业表现优异的学生选择出国留学的动机和诉求以追求优质教育资源为主,家庭社会文化资本优势对高中生选择本科或研究生阶段出国留学的影响均显著。剖析我国高中生出国留学选择背后的决策过程,对理解和反思当下家庭的教育选择行为和高等教育政策实践有重要启示。在开放竞争的全球教育市场中,一方面可以通过增加优质高校教育机会和国际交流项目吸引潜在的优质生源“留下来”,另一方面同世界一流大学开展高水平合作办学,吸引优质生源“在地留学”。

Based on the sample survey of high school students in China’s first-tier cities,we use the multinomial logit model to explore the background characteristics,motivation demands,and specific plans of potential overseas study groups at the high school level.This study finds that students’academic endowments and their social and cultural backgrounds could help boost them to study abroad significantly.All else being equal,students with better academic performance and higher socioeconomic status are more likely to pursue educational opportunities in the global market.Our further analysis finds that students from advantaged families who are also academically outstanding choose to study abroad mainly for high-quality educational resources.In addition,the advantaged social and cultural capital has significant and positive impacts on their overseas study choices at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels.We attempt to analyze the decision-making process of high school students’overseas study choices,which has important implications for understanding and reflecting on the current education choice behaviors and higher education policy practices.In the open and competitive global education market,domestic higher education can attract potential high-quality students to“stay domestic”by increasing high-quality college education opportunities and international exchange programs on the one hand.On the other hand,it can develop high-level cooperation with world-class universities to attract high-quality students to“study local”.