日记视域下张舜徽的历史文献学与学术批评

A Research on Zhang Shunhui's Historical Philology and Academic Criticism Based on His Diary

张舜徽先生一生钟情于历史文献学的思考与研究,所作日记蕴含有丰富的校雠学、目录学、校勘学等分支学科的分析与思考。张氏初步建构的历史文献学体制,对改变中国历史文献学研究偏狭而单一的状况,恢复历史文献学“辨章学术,考镜源流”的传统,进而推动历史文献学学科发展起到了重要的作用。张氏的学术思想形成于民国时代。他对学术本原的追求、识见为高的求索、学术经世的倡导以及博学会通的强调等,都具有鲜明的特色。张氏以史学家的批评视角来评析学术发展中的得失利弊,形成独有的学术批评话语和方法。在张氏的学术思想中,历史文献学是基础,学术批评是其学术品性的表征。

Professor Zhang Shunhui devoted whole his life to historical philology.His diary contains rich thoughts of collation,bibliography,and other sub-disciplines of historical philology.The system of historical philology constructed initially by him played an important role in changing the narrow Chinese historical philology,resuming the tradition of“examining the origin and development of scholarship”in historical philology,and thus promoting the development of the discipline.Zhang's academic thoughts formed in the Chinese Republican Period.His pursuit of academic and independent thoughts,practical studies,and his emphasis on erudition had all been affected by the age.Zhang evaluated the academic development with critical eye,and formed a unique academic criticism methodology.Historical philology is foundation of his research,while his academic criticism is the representation of his academic characteristics.