广东省2020-2022年入境人员健康管理措施对境外输入性登革热疫情的影响分析

Analysis of the impact of health management measures for entry personnel on imported

目的分析广东省2020-2022年新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控期间入境人员健康管理措施(入境管理措施)对境外输入性登革热(输入性登革热)疫情流行特征的影响。方法收集并整理广东省2016年1月1日至2022年8月31日输入性登革热疫情资料、2016-2021年蚊媒密度监测数据、2011-2021年国际航班旅客年运输量及登革热年报告病例数,分析入境管理措施实施前(2016年1月1日至2020年3月20日)与实施后(2020年3月21日至2022年8月31日)输入性登革热疫情流行特征变化。结果2020年3月21日至2022年8月31日累计报告输入性登革热病例52例,其输入传播风险强度为0.12,低于入境管理措施实施前(1828例,5.29)。与入境管理措施实施前相比较,输入性登革热疫情在季节、性别、年龄、职业和来源国分布特征差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。在隔离点发现病例占59.62%(31/52),在口岸发现占38.46%(20/52),入境管理措施实施前以医院发现为主(95.08%,1738/1828)。在提供入境日期的51例病例中,82.35%(42/51)和98.04%(50/51)的病例在入境后7 d内和14 d内被发现,略高于入境管理措施实施前[(72.69%(362/498)和97.59%(486/498)]。2020-2021年广东省伊蚊幼虫密度的布雷图指数月均值与2016-2019年月均值差异有统计学意义(Z=2.83,P=0.005)。2011-2021年广东省国际航班旅客年运输量与输入性登革热病例及本地病例年报告数均存在正相关性(r=0.94,P<0.001;r=0.72,P=0.013)。结论广东省实施境外人员入境后集中隔离14 d,绝大多数输入性登革热病例在入境后14 d内被发现,输入性登革热病例导致续发本地传播风险大幅度降低。

Objective To explore the impact of health management measures for entry personnel(entry management measures)against COVID-19 on the epidemiological characteristics of imported Dengue fever in Guangdong Province from 2020 to 2022.Methods Data of imported Dengue fever from January 1,2016 to August 31,2022,mosquito density surveillance from 2016 to 2021,and international airline passengers and Dengue fever annual reported cases from 2011 to 2021 in Guangdong were collected.Comparative analysis was conducted to explore changes in the epidemic characteristics of imported Dengue fever before the implementation of entry management measures(from January 1,2016 to March 20,2020)and after the implementation(from March 21,2020 to August 31,2022).Results From March 21,2020,to August 31,2022,a total of 52 cases of imported Dengue fever cases were reported,with an imported risk intensity of 0.12,which were lower than those before implementation of entry management measures(1828,5.29).No significant differences were found in the characteristics of imported cases before and after implementation of entry management measures,including seasonality,sex,age,career,and imported countries(all P>0.05).59.62%(31/52)of cases were found at the centralized isolation sites and 38.46%(20/52)at the entry ports.However,before implementation of entry management measures,95.08%(1738/1828)of cases were found in hospitals.Among 51 cases who had provided entry dates,82.35%(42/51)and 98.04%(50/51)of cases were found within seven days and fourteen days after entry,slightly higher than before implementation[(72.69%(362/498)and 97.59%(486/498)].There was significant difference between the monthly mean values of Aedes mosquito larval density(Bretto index)from 2020 to 2021 and those from 2016 to 2019(Z=2.83,P=0.005).There is a strong positive correlation between the annual international airline passengers volume in Guangdong from 2011 to 2021 and the annual imported Dengue fever cases(r=0.94,P<0.001),and a positive correlation also existed between the international passenger volume and the annual indigenous Dengue fever cases(r=0.72,P=0.013).Conclusions In Guangdong,the entry management measures of centralized isolation for fourteen days after entry from abroad had been implemented,and most imported Dengue fever cases were found within fourteen days after entry.The risk of local transmission caused by imported cases has reduced significantly.