新生儿早期基本保健在新生儿早期预后及产妇康复中的干预价值探讨

Discussion on the intervention value of early basic health care in early neonatal prognosis and maternal rehabiliation

目的观察新生儿早期基本保健在新生儿早期预后及产妇康复中的干预价值。方法选取正常阴道分娩的新生儿及其母亲各60例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组30例新生儿及其母亲。对照组行常规干预,研究组行早期基本保健干预。比较两组新生儿早期预后,产妇产后康复指标,家属康复满意率。结果两组新生儿出生后即刻、出生后12 h的体温比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组新生儿出生后1、2 h的体温(36.43±0.42)、(36.51±0.29)℃均高于对照组的(35.82±0.37)、(35.87±0.35)℃,新生儿出生后2 h内啼哭次数(6.97±1.23)次少于对照组的(11.42±1.81)次,新生儿出生后2 h内平均啼哭持续时间(32.05±8.73)min短于对照组的(49.44±13.91)min,新生儿觅乳开始时间(17.12±4.82)min、脐带脱落时间(3.16±1.43)d均早于对照组的(21.61±5.96)min、(5.48±1.67)d,而首次母乳喂养持续时间(31.96±6.42)min长于对照组的(24.97±4.34)min,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组产妇的产后排尿时间(4.37±0.96)h、产后恶露持续时间(14.28±2.78)d、宫缩疼痛明显缓解时间(3.73±0.99)d、宫底降入脐耻间时间(8.42±2.05)d、子宫降入盆腔内时间(6.86±1.02)d均短于对照组的(5.28±1.15)h、(18.19±4.09)d、(4.41±1.12)d、(11.08±3.24)d、(9.15±2.33)d,超声检测子宫底高度(11.76±2.18)cm低于对照组的(15.53±4.15)cm,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组家属康复总满意率100.00%显著高于对照组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新生儿早期基本保健用于新生儿早期预后及产妇康复中,可显著改善新生儿在出生后短期内的体温恢复,减少啼哭次数,并缩短啼哭持续时间、新生儿觅乳开始时间、新生儿脐带脱落时间,延长首次母乳喂养持续时间,显著缩短产妇的产后排尿时间、产后恶露持续时间,宫缩疼痛明显缓解,宫底降入脐耻间时间、子宫降入盆腔内时间均缩短,帮助加速子宫恢复,并提高了产妇及其家属的满意度,效果理想。

Objective To observe the intervention value of early basic health care in early neonatal prognosis and maternal rehabiliation.Methods A total of 60 neonates and their mothers with normal vaginal delivery were divided into control group and research group according to the random numerical table,with 30 neonates and their mothers in each group.The control group received conventional intervention,and the research group received early basic health care.The early neonatal prognosis,index of maternal postpartum rehabiliation,and satisfaction rate of the families with the rehabilitation were compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistically significant difference in body temperature between the two groups immediately after birth and 12 h after birth(P>0.05).The body temperatures of neonates in the research group at 1 h and 2 h after birth were(36.43±0.42)and(36.51±0.29)℃,which were higher than those of(35.82±0.37)and(35.87±0.35)℃in the control group;the number of cries of(6.97±1.23)times in the research group within 2 h after birth was less than that of(11.42±1.81)times in the control group;the duration of crying of(32.05±8.73)min in the research group was shorter than that of(49.44±13.91)in the control group;the time of onset of breastfeeding of(17.12±4.82)min and the time of umbilical cord detachment(3.16±1.43)d in the research group were earlier than those of(21.61±5.96)min and(5.48±1.67)d in the control group;the duration of first breastfeeding of(31.96±6.42)min in the research group was longer than that of(24.97±4.34)min in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the research group,the duration of postpartum urination was(4.37±0.96)h,the duration of postpartum lochia was(14.28±2.78)d,the time to significant relief of contraction pain was(3.73±0.99)d,the time to descent of the uterine fundus into the umbilical-pubic space was(8.42±2.05)d and the time to descent of the uterus into the pelvis was(6.86±1.02)d,which were all shorter than those of(5.28±1.15)h,(18.19±4.09)d,(4.41±1.12)d,(11.08±3.24)d and(9.15±2.33)d in the control group;the uterine fundal height of(11.76±2.18)cm in the research group by ultrasound was lower than that of(15.53±4.15)cm in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The overall satisfaction rate of the families with the rehabilitation was 100.00%in the research group,which was significantly higher than that of 80.00%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion In the early neonatal prognosis and maternal rehabiliation,the implementation of early basic health care can significantly shorten the temperature recovery of the neonates in the short term after birth,reduce the number of cries and shorten the duration of crying,time of onset of breastfeeding and time of umbilical cord detachment,prolong the duration of first breastfeeding,significantly shorten the duration of postpartum urination,the duration of postpartum lochia,the time to significant relief of contraction pain,time to descent of the uterine fundus into the umbilical-pubic space and the time to descent of the uterus into the pelvis,help accelerate the recovery of the uterus,and improve the satisfaction of the mother and her family,with ideal results.