大直径深孔开采关键技术优化研究

Optimization on key technology of large-diameter long hole mining method

为探索低品位厚大矿体大直径深孔开采最优方案,全面改善大直径深孔开采的技术经济指标。以乌兰矿低品位厚大矿体开采为研究对象,优化研究大直径深孔开采凿岩硐室布置方式、炮孔布置孔网参数、底部结构大直径深孔一次爆破成型工艺,开展采矿方法现场工业试验,验证优化方案的可行性并获取相关的技术经济指标。研究结果表明:凿岩硐室点柱宜采用中央条柱布置方式,条柱宽度为2 m,采场炮孔可全部设计施工为垂直孔。沿采场宽度方向布置6排炮孔,炮孔排间距宜调整为3 m,采场炮孔设计总量明显减少;大直径深孔自凿岩硐室底板施工至堑沟底部结构,通过大孔爆破崩矿一次形成堑沟底部结构,大幅降低采场采准周期。低品位厚大矿体大直径深孔开采关键技术优化,可改善低品位矿体大直径深孔开采技术经济指标,为同类矿体的高效开采技术提供借鉴。

In order to study the optimal approach of large-diameter long hole mining technology for low grade thick orebody,the technical and economic indexes of large-diameter long hole mining are improved obviously.Taking low grade and thick ore body of the Wulan mine as the research object,to study the optimization of long hole drilling room arrangement,hole parameters layout and the technology using large-diameter long hole blasting to create the bottom structure in one process.The mining methods industrial test,verify the feasibility of optimization,and get the relevant technical and economic indicators.The results show that the pillars locate in the center of the drilling chamber is better,the width of the pillar is 2 m,and all the holes in the stope can be designed and constructed as vertical holes.Six rows of holes were designed along the width of the stope,and the spacing between the holes should be adjusted to 3 m,so the total designed holes in the stope decreased significantly.The long hole is drilled from the bottom of the rock drilling chamber to the bottom structure,and the bottom structure is formed in one time on the process of long hole blasting,which reduces the stope mining preparation time greatly.Optimization of key technology of large-diameter long hole mining of low-grade and thick orebodies can improve the technical and economic indexes,and provide a reference for highly efficient mining technology of similar ore bodies.