某拖船倒车熄火故障原因分析及解决方案

Reason Analysis of M/E Stall Accident While Reverse and Solution Proposal Based on A Tugboat

船舶航行过程中往往需进行倒车操作,且偶有紧急倒车动作。船舶航行倒车啮合瞬间往往其螺旋桨正处于反向转动状态,其与陆上行驶的汽车倒车瞬时状态炯然不同,其倒车合排时,推进主机需克服巨大的轴系反转瞬间扭矩峰值,因此船舶倒车更易发生主机熄火现象。船舶航行过程中,如果出现倒车熄火,将易引起撞船、搁浅等重大事故安全隐患,应极力避免。本文将以某型拖船为例,分析倒车熄火原因,提出解决方案建议。

The ships should be often operated with astern control during sailing,and emergency reversal operation occurs accidentally.For ships,the astern operation condition is quite different from automobile,because the ship’s propeller is often rotating while operating reversely.The main Engine(M/E)need overcome a big counter-torque peak at reverse engaging from shafting,so it happens easily that the M/E would stall while operating reversely.The potential safety hazards e.g.ship collision,stranding etc will exist if its M/E stalls at reverse operation when ship is sailing,which should be avoided as much as possible.This paper will analyze the cause of M/E stall during reverse operation by taking a type of tugboat as an example,and propose some solutions.