核医学场所平面布局设计及效果分析

Plane layout design and effect analysis of nuclear medicine workplace

目的 设计核医学场所布局分区和通风方案并进行验证检测,为规范核医学场所的防护、保障核医学人员的辐射安全提供基础条件。方法 以2019—2022年北京市某医院设计并建成投入使用的核医学场所作为调查对象,通过现场勘察,查阅资料和综合分析,对该核医学场所的布局和通风进行设计,并在场所投入运行后进行放射性污染水平和通风效果验证检测,依据有关法规和技术标准进行分析评价。结果 确定了该核医学工作场所的布局分区和通风设计方案,验证检测结果表明,场所内废物桶表面放射性表面污染水平最高,为6.40 Bq/cm^(2),其次为便池和注射台,分别为0.70和0.50 Bq/cm^(2),场所内其他设施和物品表面以及现场工作人员体表均未发现明显的放射性污染;通风柜操作口截面风速为1.0 m/s。场所内表面污染水平和通风分别满足GB 18871—2002《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》和GBZ 120—2020《核医学放射防护要求》的要求。结论 核医学场所布局分区和通风是防护设计的关键,验证检测是维护场所安全运行的有效手段,应将放射防护理念贯穿到每一个设计环节,从根本上为核医学场所运行的辐射安全提供可靠的保障。

Objective To design and verify the layout zone and ventilation scheme of nuclear medicine workplace,so as to provide basic condition for standardizing the protection of nuclear medicine workplace and safeguarding the radiation safety of nuclear medicine personnel.Methods A nuclear medicine workplace designed and built by a hospital in Beijing during 2019-2022 was taken as the object of investigation and study.The layout and ventilation of the nuclear medicine workplace were designed and evaluated according to relevant regulations and standards by means of site investigating,data retrieving and comprehensive analyzing.Furthermore,the radioactive contamination level and ventilation effect were verified and tested after the workplace is put into operation.Results The layout zone and ventilation design of nuclear medicine workplace were determined.The verification testing results showed that the highest level of radioactive contamination was 6.40 Bq/cm^(2)on the surface of waste buckets,followed by urinals and injection tables,which were 0.70 and 0.50 Bq/cm^(2),respectively.No obvious radioactive contamination was found on the surface of other facilities,articles and on-site staff in the workplace.The exhaust wind speed of the operation section of the fume hood was 1.0 m/s.The surface radioactive contamination level and ventilation in the nuclear medicine workplace met requirements of the Basic standards for ionizing radiation protection and radiation source safety(GB 18871-2002)and Radiological protection requirements for nuclear medicine(GBZ 120-2020),respectively.Conclusion The layout zone and ventilation of nuclear medicine workplace are the key to protection design,verification test is effective to maintain the safe operation of the workplace,and the concept of radiation protection should be integrated into every design link to provide reliable protection for the radiation safety of nuclear medicine workplace fundamentally.