2020年云南省道路交通伤害流行病学分布特征

Epidemiological distribution characteristics of road traffic injuries in Yunnan Province in 2020

目的 了解2020年云南省道路交通伤害发生水平和流行病学特征,分析道路交通伤害的主要影响因素,为道路交通伤害防控决策提供参考。方法 以云南省4个监测哨点共12家医疗机构门诊因道路交通伤害首次就诊的患者作为分析数据,死亡数据来自2020年云南省死因登记报告的信息收集,并对数据进行分析。结果 2020年云南省道路交通伤害共有8 033例,占报告伤害事件的11.89%,道路交通伤害发生率位居全部伤害就诊原因第3位,其中因道路交通伤害导致死亡的患者共有6 827例,占云南省全年总死亡人数的2.26%。道路交通伤害患者中男性(4 415例)高于女性(3 618例),男、女患者性别比为1.22∶1,平均年龄为(38.75±0.40)岁,死亡者平均年龄为(45.22±0.45)岁,死亡病例中男、女性别比为294∶1。道路交通伤害患者中,道路交通伤害发生、死亡占比最高的年龄段均为45~<55岁;道路交通伤害发生率最高的职业是农牧渔水利业,为26.25%;死亡离最高的职业是农民,为80.84%;发生率最高的月份是8月,为12.5%;死亡率最高的月份是1月,为9.98%;发生和死亡率最高的文化程度均是初中及以下,为71.23%;发生率最高的部位是头部,为26.57%。结论 2020年云南省道路交通伤害发生及死亡病例主要集中在中年人群、低文化水平人群从事农牧渔水利业人员和农民,男性高于女性,头部损伤是伤害发生时最易损伤的部位。需采取有针对性的道路交通安全防控策略以减少道路交通安全事故。

Objective To understand the incidence level and epidemiological characteristics of road traffic injuries in Yunnan Province in 2020,explore the main influencing factors of road traffic injuries,and provide reference for decision-making of road traffic injury prevention and control.Methods The data of patients who visited for the first time due to road traffic injuries in 12 medical institutionsins of four monitoring spots in Yunnan Province in 2020 were collected,the death data were extracted from the cause of death registration report in Yunnan Province in 2020,and the data were collected.Results There were 8033 cases of road traffic injuries in Yunnan Province in 2020,accounting for 11.89%of the reported injury cases.The incidence of road traffic injury ranked third in all causes of injury visits.There were 6827 painents died of road traffic injury,accounting for 2.26%of total deaths in Yunnan Province throughout the year.The number of male cases of road traffic injuries(4415 cases)was higher than that of females(3618 cases),wirh the male-to-female ratio of 1.22:1.The avarege age was(38.75±0.40)years old,and the avarege age of death cases was(45.22±0.45)years old.The male-to-female ratio of death cases was 294:1.The age groups with the highest proportion of road traffic injuries and deaths were both 45-64 year-old group.The occupation with the highest incidence rate of road traffic injuries was agriculture,animal husbandry,fishing,and water conservancy industry(26.25%),and the occupation with the highest mortality was farmers(80.80%).The peak season of incidence was August(12.5%),and peak of mortality appeared in January(9.98%).The education levels with the highest incidence and mortality rate were both middle school or below(71.23%).Most of injuries occured at head(26.57%).Conclusions The incidence and deaths of road traffic injuries in Yunnan Province in 2020 were mainly concentrated in middle-aged people,low educated individuals,personnel engaged in agriculture,animal husbandry,fishing,and water conservancy,and farmers,males were higher than females,and head injuries were the most vulnerable part of injuries.Targeted road traffic safety prevention and control strategies need to be adopted to reduce road traffic safety accidents.