《生活饮用水卫生标准(GB5749-2022)》中高氯酸盐标准限值的制定研究

Research on the determination of the limit value of perchlorate in the “Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB5749-2022)” in China

高氯酸盐是近年来人们重点关注的一种环境污染物,在我国环境水体及饮用水中多有检出,长江流域的部分地区存在水平较高。人体可能通过饮水等暴露途径摄入高氯酸盐,其主要健康效应是影响甲状腺对碘的吸收。《生活饮用水卫生标准(GB5749-2022)》中将高氯酸盐纳入水质扩展指标,限值为0.07 mg/L。本文对高氯酸盐饮用水卫生标准限值确定相关的技术内容进行了分析和研究,包括高氯酸盐的环境存在水平和暴露状况、主要健康效应、安全基准值推导和卫生标准限值确定等。

Perchlorate is an environmental pollutant that has been a focus of attention in recent years.It has been detected in many environmental water bodies and drinking water in China,with a high level of presence in some areas of the Yangtze River Basin.The human body may ingest perchlorate through exposure pathways such as drinking water and food,and its main health effect is to affect the thyroid′s absorption of iodine.The"Standards for Drinking Water Quality"(GB5749-2022)includes perchlorate as an expanded indicator of water quality,with a limit value of 0.07 mg/L.This article analyzes the technical content related to the determination of hygiene standard limits for perchlorate in drinking water,including the environmental presence level and exposure status of perchlorate,main health effects,derivation of safety reference values,and determination of hygiene standard limits.