辽宁6市青年女医护人员与女大学生对HPV疫苗接种意愿调查研究

Investigation on the Willingness and Influencing Factors of Human Papillomavirus(HPV)Vaccination Among Young Female Medical Staff and College Students in Liaoning Province

目的通过对辽宁省青年女医护人员和女大学生接种人类乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)疫苗意愿影响因素的调查和研究,为我国HPV疫苗在青年女医护人员和女大学生及其他女性中的普及和推广工作提供理论依据并给出相关建议。方法采用现况调查的方法利用便利抽样对辽宁省青年女医护人员和女大学生关于HPV疫苗的认知情况和接种意愿情况进行问卷调查,采用χ2检验和二分类Logistic回归分析深入探究了解程度、接种成本、媒介途径和疫苗供应等4个方面对于接种意愿的影响。结果在本次调查的349名青年女医护人员中,有75.12%的人愿意接种HPV疫苗,323名女大学生中有56.11%的人愿意接种HPV疫苗,青年女医护人员接种意愿高于女大学生,不同人群、对HPV疫苗不同认知程度均与HPV疫苗接种意愿存在相关关系(P<0.05)。青年女医护人员关于HPV疫苗了解程度、接种成本、媒介途径、疫苗供应的OR值分别为3.226、0.300、1.334、7.392;女大学生关于HPV疫苗了解程度、接种成本、媒介途径、疫苗供应的OR值分别为15.171、0.361、2.254、5.998。结论辽宁地区青年女医护人员和女大学生均有较高的意愿接种HPV疫苗,导致目前辽宁地区HPV疫苗接种率低的主要原因是公众对HPV疫苗认知度低及疫苗供应不足,建议建立政府-医院-公众长效机制构建HPV疫苗接种与推广路径,进一步提高适龄女性HPV疫苗的接种率。

Objective By investigating and studying the factors influencing the willingness of young female medical staff and female college students to vaccinate human papilloma virus(HPV)vaccine in Liaoning Province,this paper provides theoretical basis and relevant suggestions for the popularization and promotion of HPV vaccine among young female medical staff,female college students and other females in China.Methods The status survey method was used to investigate the cognition and vaccination intention of HPV vaccine among young female medical staff and female college students in Liaoning Province by convenience sampling.Chi-square test and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influence of knowledge level,vaccination cost,media channels and vaccine supply on vaccination intention.Results Among 349 young female medical staff in this survey,75.12%and 56.11%of 323 female college students were willing to take HPV vaccine.The willingness of young female medical workers to take HPV vaccine was higher than that of female college students.There was a correlation between the intention to vaccinate HPV vaccine and the cognition level of HPV vaccine in different populations(P<0.05).The OR values of the knowledge level,vaccination cost,vector route and vaccine supply of young female health care workers were 3.226,0.300,1.334 and 7.392,respectively.The OR values of female college students were 15.171,0.361,2.254 and 5.998,respectively,in terms of HPV vaccine understanding,vaccination cost,vector route and vaccine supply.Conclusion Young female medical staff and female college students in Liaoning are highly willing to vaccinate HPV vaccine.The main reason for the low HPV vaccine vaccination rate in Liaoning is the low public awareness of HPV vaccine and the shortage of vaccine supply.It is suggested to establish a government-hospital-public long-term mechanism to construct HPV vaccine vaccination and promotion path,strengthen the intensity and scope of HPV vaccine publicity,and further increase the HPV vaccination rate among women of appropriate age.