遥感在文物保护中的应用研究

Application of remote sensing in cultural relics protection

探讨了通过建立卫星、无人机、地面传感器等形成天空地一体化的文物遥感监测体系技术路线,实现摸清文物家底,辅助划定文物保护范围,对保护范围及建设控制地带内的地物变化进行动态监测和违法取证、开展事后执法遥感核查,同时创新性地引入第一次全国自然灾害综合风险普查成果,依托地面传感器、人工智能、大数据、卫星资源等技术对文物影响较大的自然灾害类型进行沉降监测,火情识别,滑坡、泥石流预警等,达到对文物安全应急事件快速预警响应的效果,还可为文物灾害救援最优策略提供数据支撑,形成全过程全链条式的文物保护工作机制。

This paper discusses the technical route of remote sensing monitoring system for cultural relics through the establishment of satellites,unmanned aerial vehicles and ground sensors to form the integration of space and ground,so as to realize the understanding of the cultural relics home,assist the delineation of the scope of cultural relics pro-tection,dynamically monitor and collect illegal evidence for the changes of ground objects in the protection scope and construction control zone,and carry out remote sensing verification of law enforcement afterwards.At the same time,the results of the first national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters are innovatively introduced.Based on ground sensors,artificial intelligence,big data,satellite resources and other technologies,settlement monitoring,fire identification,landslide and debris flow warning are carried out for natural disasters that have great influences on cul-tural relics,to achieve the effect of rapid early warning and response to cultural relics safety emergency events.It can also provide data support for the optimal strategy of cultural relics disaster rescue,and form the whole process of full-chain cultural relics protection.