地理信息科学专业测量学野外实习教学实践探讨

Discussion on the Teaching Practice in the Field Trip of Surveying under the Major of Geographic Information Science

测量学野外实习是地理信息科学专业的一项重要实习,能够传授学生运用全站仪测量地形并绘制地形图的方法,同时培养学生读图的能力。运用全站仪测量地形的步骤为:开机,对中,整平,设置反射体类型,设置存储文件夹,设置测站点坐标,瞄准目标点,测量目标点坐标。绘制地形图的步骤为:导入测量数据至ArcMap(10.6版),将测量数据点文件→TIN文件→栅格文件→等高线,调整等高距,添加指北针和比例尺。测量学野外实习的开展分实习早、中、晚三个阶段:(1)实习早阶段:带队老师选择测区,合理拟定实习计划,开动员大会;(2)实习中阶段:带队老师指导学生在测区运用全站仪进行地形测量,督促学生绘制地形图;(3)实习晚阶段:带队老师听取学生的实习成果汇报,点评学生绘制的地形图,结合学生的综合表现给出实习成绩。野外实习质量受经费、学时、仪器和场地等众多因素影响,但教师可采用多媒体教学、实物演示教学和互动式教学相结合的综合教学方法提高教学质量。

Surveying field trip is an important field trip of the geographic information science major,teaching students the method of measuring landform with the total station and drawing the topographic map,at the same time cultivating students’ability of reading map.The procedure of measuring landform with the total station is as following:starting up,centering,leveling,setting reflector type,setting store folder,setting coordinate of station point,aiming at target point,measuring coordinate of the target point.The procedure of drawing the topographic map is as following:importing the surveying data into ArcMap(version 10.6),converting the surveying data point file→TIN→rooster→contours,adjusting contour intervals,adding compass and scale.The surveying field trip should be carried out in the three periods as early,middle,and late:(1)at the early period:teachers choose testing zone,reasonably make schedule,and hold mobilization meeting;(2)at the middle period:teachers instruct students to measure landform with the total station,and supervise students to draw topographic map;(3)at the late period:teachers listen students’presentation on the field trip progress,assess students’topographic map,and grade based on students’performance.The quality of the field trip is influenced by multiple factors,such as fund,class hour,instruments,and fields,etc.But teachers can improve teaching quality by adapting the comprehensive teaching method through combining with the multimedia teaching,the physical demonstration teaching,and the interactive teaching.