江苏省水资源利用与干旱风险分布特征

Distribution characteristics of water resources utilization and drought risk in Jiangsu Province

以江苏省为研究对象,提出过境水依赖度指标用以描述本地水资源量与用水量之间的矛盾,并采用过境水依赖度和用水均衡度指标分析江苏省水资源利用结构;从农业干旱灾害风险与城镇干旱灾害风险两方面分析江苏省干旱灾害风险特征。结果表明:江苏省本地水资源不足,2017—2020年平均过境水依赖度为1.70,供水对长江的依赖度很大;2017—2020年全省平均用水量中农业和工业用水占比分别为47%与42%,省内各设区市用水均衡度差异较大,最大为0.746,最小为0.346;江苏省农业干旱灾害风险主要分布于徐州市、连云港市等调水工程末梢区域,以及苏南的宁镇宜溧山区,城镇干旱灾害风险分布没有明显的空间规律。

Taking Jiangsu Province as the research object,the index of transboundary water dependence degree is proposed to describe the contradiction between local water resources and water consumption.Furthermore,the indexes of transboundary water dependence degree and water use balance degree are selected to analyze the water resources utilization structure.Meanwhile,the risk characteristics of drought disaster in Jiangsu Province are analyzed from the perspectives of agricultural drought disaster risk and urban drought disaster risk.The results show that the local water resources in Jiangsu Province was insufficient,the average transboundary water dependence degree of Jiangsu Province from 2017 to 2020 reached 1.70,indicating that the water supply of Jiangsu was highly dependent on the Yangtze River.From 2017 to 2020,the water consumption of agriculture and industry accounted for 47%and 42%of the province’s average water consumption,respectively.The water balance degree of each city in Jiangsu Province varied greatly,of which the maximum value reached 0.746 and the minimum was 0.346.Agricultural drought disaster risk in Jiangsu Province mainly distributed in the endpoints of water diversion projects in Xuzhou and Lianyungang City,and also in Yili mountains of Ning County,south of Jiangsu Province.However,there was no obvious spatial regularity in the distribution of urban drought disaster risk.