不同硫包膜缓释肥施用模式对红皮小麦产量及效益的影响

Effect of Different Fertilization Patterns of Sulfur Coated Slow-release Fertilizer on Yield and Economic Benefits of Red-skinned Wheat

为了探究在减施增效的施肥目标下,不同硫包膜缓释肥施用模式对淮南麦区红皮小麦产量及效益的影响,选用镇麦15为试验材料,将硫包膜掺混肥(SCU)和普通尿素进行配施,设置1个不施肥对照(CK)和6种施肥模式(U、SR1、M1、SR2、M2和SR3),研究小麦产量及其构成因素、干物质积累、经济系数和经济效益对不同施肥模式的响应。结果表明:1)相同施氮量下,采用2次施肥的M1和SR2的产量较常规施肥U模式增幅分别达到13.00%和12.00%,而减氮条件下M2、SR3模式的增幅达到15.56%和10.09%,这主要得益于缓释肥促进小麦穗粒数的增加;2)M1、SR2和M2模式都具有相对较高的茎质量、叶质量、穗质量,但只有M2的经济系数最高,其经济效益也最高,达968.62元/667 m^(2),比常规施肥模式提高28.14%。总体上,M2模式在总施氮量减少15%的基础上增产增效显著。

In order to explore the effect of different fertilization patterns of sulfur coated slow-release fertilizer on the yield and economic benefits of red-skinned wheat in Huainan wheat area under the goal of reducing application and increasing efficiency,Zhenmai 15 was selected as the experimental material,and a non-fertilization control(CK)and six fertilization patterns(U,SR1,M1,SR2,M2 and SR3)were set up to study the response of wheat yield and its composition,dry matter accumulation,economic coefficient and economic benefits to different fertilization patterns.The results showed that under the same nitrogen application rate,the patterns M1 and SR2 with two times application achieved significantly higher yield,which increased by 13.00% and 12.00% respectively compared with that under the conventional fertilization pattern.Under the condition of nitrogen reduction,the pattern M2 and SR3 increased yield by 15.56% and 10.09%.These patterns made the yield increase by increasing the numbers of grains per panicle.The patterns M1,SR2 and M2 all had relatively higher stem weight,leaf weight and panicle weight,but only the M2 pattern had the highest economic coefficient and economic benefit.The economic benefit of the M2 pattern reached 968.62 yuan/667 m^(2),which was 28.14% more than that of the conventional fertilization pattern.In general,the M2 pattern,with a 15%reduction in total nitrogen application,has a significant effect on increasing yield and efficiency.