早期欧美彩色电影胶片发展及应用研究——以加斯帕色彩为例

The Study of the Development and Application of Color Film in Early Europe and the United States——The Case of Gaspar Color

早期欧美的彩色电影胶片技术包括双色、三色和显色等多种技术。其中,三色胶片技术是一种颜色分离技术,而现代数字电影技术也是基于颜色分离原理。文章以彩色电影发展的萌芽时期为背景,首先系统梳理了彩色胶片工艺的发展,分析彩色电影胶片中加减法的原理及应用中的利弊,随后将视野聚焦于加斯帕色彩工艺的发展以及先锋派影人对该色彩工艺的应用,将之与同一时期的色彩工艺进行对比,辨析各项彩色电影工业之“彩”的差异,最后站在历史的角度总结加斯帕色彩工艺对彩色电影发展的意义。

Early color film technology in Europe and the United States included a variety of technologies such as bicolor,tricolor and color rendering.Tricolor film technology is a color separation technology,and modern digital film technology is also based on the principle of color separation.This paper takes the budding period of color film development as the background,firstly,systematically combs the development of color film process,analyzes the principle of addition and subtraction in color film and the advantages and disadvantages in its application,secondly,focuses on the development of Gaspar color process and the application of this color process by the pioneer filmmakers,compares it with the color process of the same period,and distinguish the differences between the various color film industries.Finally,this paper will summarize the significance of the Gaspar color process to the development of color cinema from a historical perspective.