脑卒中合并糖尿病患者认知障碍及危险因素调查分析

Cognitive impairment and its risk factors among stroke patients complicated with diabetes

目的探讨脑卒中合并糖尿病患者认知障碍发生状况及危险因素,为临床护理提供参考。方法选取青海省3所医院急性卒中合并糖尿病患者226例,采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表评价认知功能,纳入人口学资料、血管危险因素、饮食和休闲活动等进行影响因素分析。结果患者认知障碍发生率为69.91%;logistic回归分析结果显示,女性增加认知障碍的风险(OR=2.845,P<0.05);经常吃水果、参与闲暇活动、ADL是认知障碍的保护性因素(OR=0.674、0.932、0.979,均P<0.05)。结论青海地区合并糖尿病的脑卒中患者认知功能障碍发生率高,建议合理饮食增加水果摄入,体育锻炼和益智活动相结合,加强防御机制,以延缓认知功能的减退。

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of cognitive impairment in stroke patients complicated with diabetes,so as to provide a reference for clinical nursing.Methods A total of 226 acute stroke patients complicated with diabetes from 3 hospitals in Qinghai Province were selected,then their cognitive function was investigated by utilizing the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)scale,and their demographic data,vascular risk factors,diet,and leisure activities were surveyed to analyze the risk factors of cognitive function.Results The participants′incidence of cognitive impairment was 69.91%.Logistic regression ana-lysis showed that,female sex increased the risk of cognitive impairment(OR=2.845,P<0.05),while eating fruits frequently,participating in leisure activities,and ADL were protective factors of cognitive impairment(OR=0.674,0.932,0.979,all P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of cognitive impairment in stroke patients complicated with diabetes is high in Qinghai area.It is recommended to diet reasonably and increase the intake of fruits,combine physical exercise with intellectual activities,and strengthen the defense mechanism,so as to delay their cognitive function decline.