濒死期青年肿瘤患者父母照护体验的现象学研究

Parental care experience of young adult cancer patients in dying stage:a phenomenological study

目的探究青年肿瘤患者父母在照护濒死期患者时的体验,为制定针对性干预措施提供参考。方法采用现象学研究,选取19名濒死期青年肿瘤患者的父母照护者进行深度访谈,访谈资料通过Colaizzi 7步分析法进行整理分析。结果共提炼出4个主题和14个亚主题:身体状况受损(身体负荷过重、健康水平下降、语言表达不畅、行为改变),心理复杂多变(坚强与无助、温暖与孤独、质疑与逃避、敏感与恐惧),支持系统不足(经济支持不足、知识支持不足、家庭支持不足、社会支持不足),灵性关怀缺乏(宗教信仰缺失、死亡教育缺乏)。结论父母照护濒死期青年肿瘤患者过程中,身心健康受到威胁,医护人员应联合家庭和社会建立支持性关怀系统,为父母照护者提供身心社灵全方位的关怀,从而提高照护能力和改善哀伤情绪。

Objective To explore the parental care experience of young adult cancer patients in the dying stage,and to provide a refe-rence for developing targeted intervention.Methods The phenomenological study design was used,totally 19 parental caregivers of young adult cancer patients in the dying stage were selected and interviewed deeply,then the interview data were sorted and analyzed by using Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results A total of 4 themes and 14 sub-themes were extracted:physical disability(excessive physical load,declining health,language disorders,behavior disorders),psychological complexity(strong and helpless,warm and lonely,questioning and avoidance,sensitivity and fear),inadequate support systems(insufficient financial support,insufficient knowledge support,insufficient family support,insufficient social support),lack of spiritual care(lack of religious belief,lack of death education).Conclusion When parents take care of young adult cancer patients in the dying stage,their physical and mental health is threatened.Medical staff should establish a supportive care system together with the family and society to provide comprehensive physical,mental and social care for the parents,so as to improve their care ability and alleviate their sadness.