异位妊娠患者的避孕知识和健康行为现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of contraceptive knowledge,health behaviors,and influencing factors in patients with ectopic pregnancy

目的调查异位妊娠(ectopic pregnancy,EP)患者的避孕知识知晓及健康行为现状,分析影响EP患者健康行为的因素,为临床健康宣教工作提供有效参考。方法采用避孕知识量表、健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ)对353例EP患者进行调查;根据HPLP-Ⅱ得分将EP患者分为良好健康行为组和较差健康行为组,比较2组患者基本资料差异,多因素Logistic回归分析EP患者较差健康行为的影响因素。结果EP患者避孕知识、HPLP-Ⅱ得分分别为(10.86±1.45)分、(129.65±7.52)分;较差健康行为者136例,其中年龄<35岁、初中及以下学历、无医学专业背景、无EP史、无流产史、避孕知识问卷评分<8分的构成比例高于良好健康行为组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析显示,初中及以下学历、无医学专业背景、无EP史、无流产史、避孕知识问卷评分<8分是EP患者较差健康行为的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论EP患者避孕知识认知水平偏低,健康行为表现不佳。对于学历较低、无医学专业背景、无EP/流产史、避孕知识掌握程度低的EP患者,临床应着重针对性制定宣教方案。

Objective To explore the current status of contraceptive knowledge,cognition,and health behaviors among patients with ectopic pregnancy(EP),as well as to analyze the factors influencing their health behaviors,in order to provide effective references for clinical nursing education.Methods A total of 353 patients with EP were investigated by the contraceptive knowledge scale and health promotion lifestyle profileⅡ(HPLP-Ⅱ).According to HPLP-Ⅱscores,they were divided into a good health behavior group and a poor health behavior group.The basic data differences between the two groups were compared,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the influencing factors of poor health behaviors.Results The scores of contraceptive knowledge and HPLP-Ⅱin EP patients were(10.86±1.45)points and(129.65±7.52)points,respectively.The proportions of patients exhibiting poor health behaviors were significantly higher among those aged<35 years,with a junior high school education or lower,from non-medical professions,without a history of emergency contraception use or abortion,and scoring<8 points on the contraceptive knowledge questionnaire compared to those exhibiting good health behaviors(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that having an education level of junior high school or below,lacking a medical profession background,having a history of ectopic pregnancy or abortion,and scoring less than 8 points on the contraceptive knowledge questionnaire were independent risk factors for poor health behaviors in patients with ectopic pregnancy(P<0.05).Conclusions The level of cognitive understanding regarding contraception is low among patients with ectopic pregnancy(EP),and their health behaviors are poor.For EP patients with low educational and medical professional backgrounds,no history of EP/abortion,and limited knowledge of contraception,targeted education programs should be prioritized in clinical settings.