功能性便秘患者的饮食因素分析

Dietary factor analysis on patients with functional constipation

目的探讨功能性便秘(FC)患者的饮食因素影响。方法纳入2017年1月至2020年12月就诊于中日友好医院中医脾胃病科及消化科门诊或病房的FC患者135例(FC组)和健康志愿者90例(对照组),签署知情同意书后填写近1年饮食调查问卷,通过多种统计学方法分析得出饮食与FC的相关性。结果FC组进食干炒类、乳制品得分显著高于对照组,而水、蔬菜、水果、粗粮、豆制品得分显著低于对照组;油炸类、烧烤类、干炒类、蛋类、乳制品、咖啡与FC呈正相关,且乳制品相关系数最高(r s=0.4),水、蔬菜、水果、粗粮、豆制品与FC呈负相关,且蔬菜相关系数最高(r s=-0.4);经调整性别、年龄混杂因素后,多因素逻辑回归分析得出烧烤类(OR=1.20)、干炒类(OR=1.12)、乳制品(OR=1.37)与FC呈正相关,水(OR=0.53)、蔬菜(OR=0.75)、水果(OR=0.59)、粗粮(OR=0.71)、豆制品(OR=0.77)与FC呈负相关。结论多饮水及多进食蔬菜、水果、粗粮、豆制品,尽量少食烧烤类、干炒类、乳制品可能是改善FC的有效食疗方法。

Objective To investigate the influence of dietary factors on patients with functional constipation(FC).Methods One hundred and thrity-five FC patients(FC group)and 90 healthy volunteers(control group)from January 2017 to December 2020 who met the inclusion criteria in the outpatient or ward of the Department of TCM Spleen and Stomach Diseases and the Department of Gastroenterology in China-Japan Friendship Hospital were included.After signed the informed consent form,they filled in the dietary questionnaire in the past 1 year and then the correlations between diet and FC were obtained by a variety of statistical methods.Results The dry-fried food and dairy products scores in FC group were significantly higher than those of the control group,and the scores of water,vegetables,fruits,coarse grains and bean products were significantly lower than those of the control group.It was found that fried food,barbecue,dry-fried food,eggs,dairy products,coffee were positively correlated with FC,and the correlation coefficient of dairy products was 0.4,while that of water,vegetables,fruits,coarse grains and bean products were negatively correlated with FC,of which the correlation coefficient of vegetables was-0.4.It was further concluded by multiple factor logistic regression analysis after adjusting for gender and age confounding factors that barbecue(OR=1.20),dry-fried food(OR=1.12)and dairy products(OR=1.37)were positively correlated with FC,while water(OR=0.53),vegetables(OR=0.75),fruits(OR=0.59),coarse grains(OR=0.71)and bean products(OR=0.77)were negatively correlated with FC.Conclusions Taking more water,vegetables,fruits,coarse grains,and bean products,and taking barbecue,dry-fried food and dairy products as less as possible may be an effective method to improve FC.