中国省域能源绿色发展评价及时空特征研究

Evaluation and Spatial-temporal Evolutionary Characteristics on Energy Industrial Green Development of China’s Provinces

在“四个革命、一个合作”的能源战略框架下,提升清洁能源供给能力、构建绿色低碳的能源消费体系是新时代中国能源转型发展的重要方向。基于能源供给升级、能源消费转型、技术创新、环境可持续、政策效力五个维度构建了中国能源绿色发展评价指标体系,并分析了不同地区的能源绿色发展水平,探讨了空间分布差异的变化趋势,从能源供需角度对不同地区的差异因素进行了剖析。研究结果显示:中国能源绿色发展指数呈现上升趋势,虽然整体水平较低,但地区间差异逐渐缩小。中西部与东西部地区间的差异持续下降,尽快缩小地区间差异是提升中国能源绿色发展能力的关键。地区间能源和用能需求逆向分布格局有所打破,能源供给差异逐步缩小,而地区间能源消费差异则进一步加大。中西部化石能源富集地区能源绿色发展动力多源于供给侧的推动,而东部地区则更多来自技术创新和能源消费侧的牵引。空间格局上,研究期内形成了以东部地区上海、江苏、浙江、山东为中心的“高高”扩散效应聚集区和由广东形成的“高低”极化集聚区。因此,各地区需要重视能源绿色发展尚不充分的现实,在供需平衡发展的路径下积极缩小区域间差异,加速推进能源绿色发展。

Under the China's energy security strategy of “Four Revolutions and One Cooperation”,improving clean energy supply,building a green and low-carbon energy consumption system,and promoting energy technology innovation are the important directions for the energy transformation and development in China.Based on the perspective of energy supply and demand,the evaluation index system of China's energy green development is constructed from five dimensions:energy supply upgrade,energy consumption transformation,technological innovation,environmental sustainability,and policy effectiveness.Energy green development levels and spatial distribution of different regions are studied.The research results show that:China's energy green development index shows an upward trend.Although the overall level is low,the regional gap are gradually narrowing.The gap between the central and western regions and between the eastern and western regions continues to decline.As a result,narrowing the regional gaps is the key to promoting the green development of China's energy.The energy supply gap among regions has gradually narrowed,and as the same time the energy consumption gap among regions has increased.Thus,the reverse distribution pattern of energy resources and energy demand has been broken.Based on the resource endowments,the driving force of energy green development in the central and western regions mostly comes from the supply side.While with rapid technological innovation and the energy consumption pull the energy development in the eastern regions.In terms of spatial pattern,there is a positive spatial agglomeration from “high-high type” spatial agglomeration areas in Shanghai,Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shandong to the “high-low type” in Guangdong.Because of the insufficient development of green energy in China,the energy transition must be developed based on the balanced development of energy supply and demand.