红螯螯虾不同体色个体间营养差异分析

Comparison of Nutritional Differences in Australian Red Claw Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) With Three Body-colors

为了探究红螯螯虾(Cherax quadricarinatus)体色与其营养成分之间的连锁关系,测定分析棕黄色[体质量为(51.8±4.2)g]、草绿色[体质量为(52.9±3.4)g]和天蓝色[体质量为(48.5±10.9)g]三种体色个体肌肉的营养组分。结果显示,草绿色个体腹部肌肉的粗蛋白含量显著高于棕黄色和天蓝色个体(P<0.05)。棕黄色、草绿色、天蓝色三种体色个体的必需氨基酸与总氨基酸比值分别为38.83%、41.52%和34.61%;必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值均超过60%;草绿色个体显著高于棕黄色和天蓝色个体(P<0.05),属于优质蛋白;呈味氨基酸与总氨基酸比值分别为46.87%、41.94%和53.41%,天蓝色个体显著高于草绿色和棕黄色个体(P<0.05),表明天蓝色个体的肉质风味更加鲜美。三种体色的红螯螯虾之间总饱和脂肪酸差异显著,棕黄色个体显著高于草绿色和天蓝色个体(P<0.05);饱和脂肪酸主要以棕榈油酸(C16:0)为主,棕黄色个体中C16:0的含量高于草绿色和天蓝色个体,并与草绿色个体形成显著性差异(P<0.05)。在多不饱和脂肪酸中,天蓝色个体的二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)显著低于草绿色和棕黄色个体(P<0.05)。研究表明:不同体色的红螯螯虾的营养存在一定差异,草绿色红螯螯虾的营养最为全面,天蓝色红螯螯虾的口感风味更好。

Muscular nutritional compositions of Australian red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus were comparatively determined among the individuals with brown yellow which body weight is(51.8±4.2)g,grass green which body weight is(52.9±3.4)g and sky blue which body weight is(48.5±10.9)g colors in order to explore the linkage relationship between the body color and nutritional composition.The results showed that there was significantly higher crude protein content in the abdominal muscles of grass-green individuals than that in brown-yellow and sky-blue individuals(P<0.05).The individuals with three body colors had essential amino acid to total amino acid ratio of 38.83%in brown-yellow color,41.52%in grass-green color and 34.61%of sky-blue color,with over 60%of the ratio of essential amino acid to non-essential amino acid,significantly higher in grass-green individuals than that in brown-yellow and sky-blue individuals(P<0.05),indicating that grass-green individuals are a high-quality protein.The individuals with three body colors had flavored amino acid to total amino acid ratios of 46.87%in brown-yellow color,41.94%in grass-green color and 53.41%in sky-blue color,significantly higher in sky-blue individuals than that in grass-green and brown-yellow individuals(P<0.05),indicating that the meat flavor of sky-blue individuals was more delicious.There are significant differences in total saturated fatty acid contents among the Australian red claw crayfish with three body colors,with significantly higher in the brown-yellow individuals than that in the grass-green and sky-blue individuals(P<0.05).There was higher content of palmitoleic acid(C16:0)as main saturated fatty acid in brown-yellow individuals than that in grass-green and sky-blue individuals,significantly different from grass-green individuals(P<0.05).The sky-blue individuals had significantly lower content of polyunsaturated fatty acids,eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)than the grass-green and brown-yellow individuals did(P<0.05).The findings indicate that there are certain differences in nutrition among individuals of Australian red claw crayfish with different body colors.The grass-green Australian red claw crayfish has the most comprehensive nutrition,the sky-blue individuals have a good taste and flavor.