热应激对鱼类生命活动影响的研究进展

Research Progress on Effects of Heat Stress on Fish Life Activities:A Review

本文综述了热应激对鱼类生命活动的影响,包括代谢与生长、抗氧化能力、热休克蛋白以及免疫相关研究成果。鱼受到热应激时,机体会产生对自身有害的活性氧,在一定的温度范围内,鱼类通过酶联通路和非酶联通路来消除体内多余的活性氧。大多水鱼类在适宜温度内,生长率与水温成正相关,超过适宜温度,鱼类代谢紊乱,生长缓慢甚至停止,长时间的热应激会导致鱼类死亡。研究鱼类的耐高温性,对创造更高的水产养殖经济效益和选育耐高温品种具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。

This article reviews the effects of heat stress on the research in fish life activities,including metabolism,growth,antioxidant capacity,heat shock proteins,and immune-related research.Fish exposed to heat stress will produce reactive oxygen species that are harmful to themselves.Within a certain temperature range,fish use enzyme-linked pathways and non-enzyme-linked pathways to eliminate excess reactive oxygen in the body.For most fish in the water,the growth rate is proportional to the water temperature.Once the temperature exceeds the appropriate temperature,the fish may suffer from metabolic disorders,slow,and stopping growth,even death when heat stress is prolonged.Therefore,understanding of the high temperature resistance of fish will not only play an important role in increase in economic benefits in aquaculture,but also has important theoretical value and practical significance for the breeding of high temperature resistant species.