鱼类干扰素调控因子(IRF)的抗病毒作用研究现状及进展

Research Status and Progress of Antiviral Effect of Fish Interferon Regulatory Factor (IRF)

干扰素调控因子(IRF)家族是最重要的转录因子家族之一,具有多种生物学功能,如抗病毒、抗菌、免疫调节和细胞凋亡等。IRF家族目前在鱼类组织中呈现组成型表达,但表达水平因组织而异。目前IRF家族成员包括IRF1-11,其中IRF11为硬骨鱼特有,IRFs蛋白结构相对保守,含有DBD和IAD两个结构域。鱼类中IRF家族成员的抗病毒作用主要通过调控IFN和ISG及其他抗病毒因子转录表达来实现,其中IRF1/3/6/7/9/11主要作为转录激活因子不断发挥作用,而IRF2/4/5/8/10是双功能因子,根据靶基因激活或抑制转录来发挥功能。本文综述了鱼类IRF家族成员的表达及调控抗病毒反应的分子机制,有助于阐明IRF家族在鱼类免疫系统中的生物学功能。

The interferon regulatory factor(IRF)family is one of the most important transcription factor families with diverse biological functions,such as antiviral and antibacterial,immune regulation,and apoptosis.The IRF family is currently constitutively expressed in fish tissues,but expression levels vary by tissue.The current members of the IRF family include IRF1-11,of which IRF11 is unique to teleost.The protein structure of IRFs is relatively conserved,containing DNA binding domain(DBD)and C-terminal IRF-associated domain(IAD).The antiviral effects of IRF family members in fish are mainly achieved by regulating the transcriptional expression of interferon(IFN),interferon stimulated gene(ISG)and other antiviral factors.Among them,IRF1/3/6/7/9/11 mainly plays the continuous role as the transcriptional activator,while IRF2/4/5/8/10 are bi-functional factors that function according to the activation or inhibition if transcription of target genes.This article reviews the expression of fish IRF family members and their regulatory mechanisms in antiviral response,which will help to clarify the biological function of IRF family in fish immune system.