河南省县域财政收入的时空分布特征及政策启示

Study on the Spatio-temporal Distribution Characteristics and Policy Implicationsof County Fiscal Revenue in Henan Province

文章利用空间统计方法研究河南省158个县域2009—2020年财政收入的时空分布及其演化特征,发现各县域财政收入在空间分布上显著正相关,H-H类集聚县域始终分布在郑州及周边,L-L类集聚县域主要集中在辖区面积较小或较偏远地区,总体上在空间地理上呈“中心—外围”格局。郑州都市圈县域的财政收入规模和地理集中度指数明显高于其他地区,且其中心地位逐年加强。基于标准差椭圆分析法的研究结果表明,河南省各县域财政收入的空间分布相对不均衡;其方向性较为明显,长轴呈东西向分布,大致经过洛阳(西南)—郑州(南)—开封(东南)一带;其中心始终在基准椭圆中心的西北方向,表明西北部财政收入较高,但在研究期间中心不断向东南方向移动,向基准椭圆中心靠拢。基于此,本文提出发挥增长极的带动作用促进区域间协调发展,培养县域财源,适当调整行政区划设置以降低行政成本和财政负担,完善省以下转移支付制度等政策建议。

The paper studies the temporal-spatial distribution and evolution characteristics of the fiscal revenue of 158 counties in Henan Province from 2009 to 2020.It finds there is a significant positive correlation between the fiscal revenue of each county.H-H cluster counties are always distributed in Zhengzhou and its surrounding areas,while L-L cluster counties are mainly concentrated in smaller or more remote areas.On the whole,it presents a“center-periphery”pattern in spatial geography.The financial revenue scale and geographical concentration index of Zhengzhou metropolitan area county are obviously higher than other areas,and its central position is strengthened year by year.Based on the standard deviation elliptic analysis,the results show that the spatial distribution of fiscal revenue is relatively unbalanced.Its direction is obvious,and its long axis is distributed in the east-west direction,roughly passing through Luoyang(southwest)-Zhengzhou(south)and Kaifeng(southeast).Its center is always in the northwest direction of the base ellipse center,indicating that the fiscal revenue is higher in the northwest,but during the study period,the center keeps moving to the southeast,closer to the base ellipse center.Based on this,this paper puts forward some policy suggestions,such as giving full play to the driving role of growth poles to promote the coordinated development among regions,cultivating the financial resources of counties,appropriately adjusting the setting of administrative divisions to reduce the administrative cost and financial burden,and improving the transfer payment system below the province.