日本霍乱专书《天行厥病论》学术特色探究

Research on academic characteristics of cholera book in Japan Tenko Ketsubyoron

《天行厥病论》,日人谏山菽村著。谏山菽村(1825—1893),日本丰后国日田人,名秩,字平甫,通称东作,菽村乃其号,幕末—明治时代医师和教育家。《天行厥病论》初撰成于日本文久二年(1862),明治二十六年(1893)始付梓刊行。本书乃中医治疫专书。正文由“正名”“症候”“对照”“或问”“治法”篇构成。该书将现代霍乱对应“天行厥病”之名,详细阐述了霍乱病名症状、病因病机、治则治法、方药宜忌等。其学术特色主要表现为,详释“霍乱”之名,备列“霍乱”之症;“对照”中国医学,“或问”释疑解惑;引书以古证今,引人博采众家;而对于天行厥病之治法则善于化裁经方,多法综合施治;分候分期辨治,秉承中国治验。通过对本书的研究,可以窥见中国医学对日本医学的发展具有重要影响。

Tenko Ketsubyoron written by Japanese physician Isayama Shukuson.Isayama Shukuson(1825—1893)was born in Hita,Bungo Province of Japan.He named Rank,styled Pingfu,generally known as Dongzuo,Shukuson is its title,He was a doctor and educator during the end of the Shogunate to Meiji period.Tenko Ketsubyoron was written in 1862,and it was printing first time in 1893.It is a special book on epidemic treatment of traditional Chinese medicine.The text is composed of“name definition”“symptom”“contrast”“question”,and“treatment”.The symptoms,etiology and pathogenesis,principle and method of treatment,and prescriptions and contraindications for cholera and“Tianxing Juebing”were compared.Academic characteristics are mainly reflected in the following.Explain the name of“cholera”in detail,list the symptoms of“cholera”,“contrast”with Chinese medicine,“question”to explain the doubt.This book drew on many books,proved the present with the past.The book cited several authors,took advantage of everyone,and for the treatment of Tianxing Jue bing,this book adopted multiple methods or changed the classic prescription to treat the cholera,treatment based on syndrome differentiation in different periods,inherited China treatment experience.Through the study of this book,it can be seen that Chinese medicine has an important impact on the development of Japanese medicine.