湖南省高职院校女生月经异常影响因素的横断面调查

A cross-sectional survey on the influencing factors of menstrual abnormalities in female higher vocational college students of Hunan Province

目的了解湖南省高职院校女生月经异常现状及影响因素,为月经异常的防控提供线索。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法选取2022年9月至10月湖南电子科技职业学院、湖南中医药高等专科学校、湘潭医卫职业技术学院、娄底职业技术学院、常德职业技术学院、永州职业技术学院1331名女生调查月经异常现状,分析影响因素。结果1331名女生中,月经异常发生率为57.3%(762/1331);不同家庭所在地、食用甜点频次、吃早餐频次、饮食搭配情况、饮食规律性情况、饮酒频次及体力活动水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);家在城镇地区(β=-0.406,OR=0.666,95%CI:0.523~0.848)是月经异常的独立保护因素(P<0.05);饮食不规律(β=0.214,OR=1.239,95%CI:1.009~1.520)、饮酒(β=0.252,OR=1.286,95%CI=1.039~1.593)是月经异常的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论湖南省高职院校女生月经异常发生率较高,后续需关注饮食规律性和饮酒行为,并采取干预手段,促进生殖健康。

Objective To understand the current situation and influence factors of menstrual abnormalities among female higher vocational college students in Hunan Province,and provide clues for the prevention and control of menstrual abnormalities.Methods From September to October 2022,1331 female students from Hunan Vocational of Electronic and Technology,Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College,Xiangtan Medicine&Health Vocational College,Loudi Vocational and Technical College,Changde Vocational Technical College,Yongzhou Vocational Technical College were selected according to stratified cluster random sampling method,the current status of menstrual abnormalities were investigated and the influence factors were analyzed.Results Among 1331 female students,the incidence of menstrual abnormalities was 57.3%(762/1331).Different family locations,frequency of consuming desserts,frequency of eating breakfast,dietary mix,dietary regularity,frequency of drinking alcohol and level of physical activity were compared,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Home in urban areas(β=-0.406,OR=0.666,95%CI=0.523-0.848)was a independant protective factor for menstrual abnormalities(P<0.05).Irregular diet(β=0.214,OR=1.239,95%CI:1.009-1.520),alcohol consumption(β=0.252,OR=1.286,95%CI:1.039-1.593)were independant risk factors for menstrual abnormalities(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of menstrual abnormalities among female higher vocational college students in Hunan Province is relatively high.It is necessary to pay attention to dietary patterns and drinking behavior in the future,and take intervention measures to promote reproductive health.