热空气中的物像

Images in Hot Air

在夏天烈日下,经常可以看到物体呈现出扭曲、模糊且飘忽不定的物像,我们称之为“热空气中的物像”.利用光的折射原理和简化的变折射率介质模型,对“热空气中的物像”形成的原因进行了分析;并借助Blender软件进行仿真,透过动态不均匀空气介质观看竹林,再现这种现象.生活情境中蕴藏丰富的物理,找到主要影响因素,基于简化模型进行理论分析,可以为中学生利用基本原理解释生活现象提供有效途径,同时锻炼其思维品质和工程素养.

In the hot summer sun,it is common to see distorted,blurred and wavering images of objects,which we call“images in hot air”.In this paper,we use the refraction principle of light and a simplified medium model with variable refractive index to analyze the reasons for the formation of“images in hot air”;we also use Blender software to simulate and reproduce this phenomenon by viewing a bamboo forest through a dynamic and nonuniform air medium.Life situations are rich in physical phenomena.If we find the main influencing factors and conduct a theoretical analysis based on the simplified model,we can provide an effective way for middle school students to use basic principles to explain life phenomena,and at the same time to exercise their thinking quality and engineering literacy.