不同性别青少年高尔夫球员全挥杆生物力学对比分析

Biomechanical Comparative Analysis of Full Swing of Adolescent Golfers of Different Genders

目的:对不同性别青少年高尔夫球员全挥杆动作进行对比分析,从生物力学角度揭示其技术差异及身体运动规律,为青少年高尔夫球员的技术水平提高及运动损伤预防提供科学理论依据。方法:采用MySwing Golf无线全身传感器、MySwing Balance足底压力测试板和FlightScope Xi雷达探测器等设备,对14名不同性别青少年高尔夫球员的7号铁全挥杆技术动作和击球效果进行采集分析。结果:①铁杆的杆头速度与球速和飞行时间均呈显著性正相关(P<0.05),男女球员击球距离、杆头速度、球速、飞行时间皆存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。②男女球员动力链序列的下杆启动顺序准确率分别为66.14%和50.71%,下杆峰值顺序的准确率分别为39.57%和31.43%。③击球瞬间骨盆旋转角度与球速呈显著性正相关(P<0.05),骨盆与胸腔相对旋转角度与击球效率呈显著正相关(P<0.05),此时刻男球员的骨盆旋转角度和骨盆与胸腔相对旋转角度均大于女球员。④准备时刻左脚重力与杆头速度呈显著性正相关(P<0.05),此时刻男球员的左脚重力大于女球员。结论:①青少年女球员的铁杆击球距离与男球员存在较大差距,是由于杆头速度和球速相对较小。②相对于下杆启动顺序来讲,下杆峰值顺序是青少年球员错误率更高的地方,青少年球员大部分错误的下杆启动顺序为胸腔—前臂—骨盆—球杆,大部分错误的下杆峰值顺序为前臂—胸腔—骨盆—球杆。③击球瞬间男球员的骨盆旋转角度和骨盆与胸腔相对旋转角度均大于女球员,对球速与击球效率的提升有积极影响。④在准备时刻女球员左右脚重力分布均衡,而男球员左脚的足底压力大于右脚,更有利于杆头速度的提升。

Objectives:This study makes a comparative analysis on the full swing of adolescent golfers of different genders,reveals their technical differences and physical movement rules from the perspective of biomechanics,and puts forward a scientific theoretical basis for the improvement of adolescent golfers’technical level and the prevention of sports injury.Methods:The technical movements and batting effects of No.7 iron full swing of 14 adolescent golfers of different genders were collected and analyzed by MySwing Golf wireless body sensor,MySwing Balance plantar pressure test board and FlightScope Xi radar detector.Results:①There was a significant positive correlation between the head speed of the iron bar and the ball speed and flight time(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the hitting distance,head speed,ball speed and flight time between male and female players(P<0.05).②The accuracy of the starting order of the male and female players’power chain sequence is 66.14%and 50.71%respectively,and the accuracy of the peak order of the lower pole is 39.57%and 31.43%respectively.③At the moment of hitting,there was a significant positive correlation between the pelvic rotation angle and the ball speed(P<0.05),and there was a significant positive correlation between the relative rotation angle of the pelvis and the chest and the hitting efficiency(P<0.05).At this time,the pelvic rotation angle and the relative rotation angle of the pelvis and the chest of male players were greater than those of female players.④There was a significant positive correlation between the left foot gravity and the club head speed at the preparation time(P<0.05),the left foot gravity of junior male players was greater than that of female players at this time.Conclusions:①There is a big gap between junior female players and male players in the iron hitting distance,because the club head speed and ball speed are relatively small.②Compared with the startup sequence of the down swing,the peak value sequence of the down swing is where the error rate of the junior players is higher.Most of the wrong start-up sequence of the down swing of the junior players is:chest—forearm—pelvis—club,and most of the wrong peak value sequence of the down swing is forearm—chest—pelvis—club.③The rotation angle of pelvis and the relative rotation angle between pelvis and thorax of junior male players are greater than that of female players at the moment of hitting,which has a positive impact on the improvement of ball speed and hitting efficiency.④At the preparation time,the gravity distribution of the left and right feet of junior female players is basically the same,while the plantar pressure of the left foot of male players is greater than that of the right foot,which is more conducive to the improvement of club head speed.