不同生长年限北苍术次生代谢物累积对土壤矿质元素的响应

Response of Secondary Metabolites Accumulation to Soil Mineral Elements in Atractylodes chinensis with Different Growth Years

本试验以一年生、三年生和七年生北苍术为研究对象,从种植基地采集不同生长年限植株样品及种植区土样,测定不同生长年限北苍术土壤中矿质元素含量和理化性状及其根茎中苍术素、β-桉叶醇和白术内酯Ⅰ含量,分析影响北苍术药用成分的主要土壤因子。结果表明,七年生北苍术土壤pH值和有机碳含量较一年生均显著下降,且土壤中锌、铜和铬元素含量均最高;而三年生北苍术中的苍术素、白术内酯Ⅰ和β-桉叶醇含量最高。土壤全钾含量对北苍术根茎次生代谢产物含量正向影响最大,重金属元素铬则与北苍术次生代谢产物含量呈显著负相关。综上表明,影响北苍术有效药用成分的主要土壤养分因子为钾,且三年生北苍术质量最好。本研究结果可为优化北苍术人工栽培技术提供理论依据。

In this study,we took annual,three-and seven-year-old Atractylodes chinensis as research ob-jects,and collected plant and soil samples from planting base.The content of mineral elements and physico-chemical properties of soil and atractylodin,β-eduesmol and atractylenolideΙin rhizome of A.chinensis were determined in order to analyze the key soil factors affecting the medicinal components.The results showed that the pH value and soil organic carbon content decreased significantly after planting A.chinensis for seven years compared with those for one year,while the Zn,Cu and Cr contents in the soil were the highest.The contents of atractylodin,atractylenolide I andβ-eduesmol were the highest in three-year-old A.chinensis.The soil total potassium content had the greatest positive effect on the content of secondary metabolites of A.chinensis rhizo-me,while Cr had significantly negatively effect.In conclusion,the main soil nutrient factor affecting the effec-tive medicinal components of A.chinensis was potassium,and the quality of three-year-old A.chinensis was the best.The results of this study could provide theoretical basis for optimizing the artificial cultivation technique of A.chinensis.