钛合金激光焊研究现状与展望

Research Status and Prospect of Laser Welding of Titanium Alloy

钛合金具有比强度高、高温下耐腐蚀性能优异、电化学相容性优良等优点,在航空航天、石油化工、生物医药等领域获得大量应用。对于钛合金的焊接以电子束焊、等离子弧焊、钨极氩弧焊、激光焊等焊接方法为主。激光焊具有能量密度大、焊接变形小、焊接热影响区小、单道焊接熔深大、不需要真空条件等优点,在钛合金焊接领域具有广阔的发展前景。国内外相关学者针对钛合金激光焊接技术开展了大量研究,也取得了大量研究成果。通过对这些研究成果和研究进展进行总结,可以进一步促进对钛合金激光焊的研究。本文从钛合金薄板激光焊、钛合金厚板激光焊、钛合金激光复合焊、钛合金活性激光焊、钛合金异种材料激光焊五个方面总结了钛合金激光焊最新的研究进展和取得的成果,指出当前研究存在的问题,并对未来的研发方向进行了展望。

Titanium alloy has high specific strength,excellent corrosion resistance at high temperature,excellent electrochemical compatibility and other advantages,and has been widely used in aerospace,petrochemical,biomedicine and other fields.The welding of titanium alloy mainly uses electron beam welding,plasma arc welding,argon tungsten arc welding,laser welding and other welding methods.Laser welding has the advantages of high energy density,small welding deformation,small welding heat affected zone,large single-pass welding penetration,no need for vacuum conditions and so on,which has broad development prospects in the field of titanium alloy welding.Domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a lot of research on the laser welding technology of titanium alloy and achieved a lot of research results.By summarizing the research results and progress,the research on laser welding of titanium alloy can be further promoted.In this paper,the latest research progress and achievements of laser welding of titanium alloy are summarized from five aspects:laser welding of titanium alloy thin plate,laser welding of titanium alloy thick plate,laser welding of titanium alloy composite,active laser welding of titanium alloy,laser welding of titanium alloy dissimilar materials,the existing problems are pointed out,and the future research direction is prospected.